BIOD 152 2026 PHYSIOLOGICAL
PROCESSES REVIEW MANUAL
◉Label the components of a neuron Answer:
◉List unusual characteristics of neurons Answer: -Neurons do not
undergo mitosis (cell division)
- Require enormous amounts of fuel
-being able to survive just minutes without oxygen
-can last an entire human lifetime
◉Describe the structure and function of the neuron cell body
Answer: Synthesizes all nerve cell products. Consists of a large
nucleus with surrounding cytoplasm containing the normal
organelles except centrioles
◉Describe the structure and function of the dendrite Answer:
Numerous short extensions that spread out from the cell body. It
receive information from other neurons conducting those nerve
impulses toward the cell body
◉Describe the axon, including the number in each neuron, function,
structure and organelles Answer: Conducts nerve impulses away
, from the cell body to its axon terminals where it is emitted across a
synapse to the dendrite of another neuron. Axons are composed of
cells like the cell body but lack rough endoplasmic reticulum.
◉Describe the function and site of synthesis and storage of
neurotransmitters. Answer: The cell body manufactures
neurotransmitters. When neurotransmitters are released by the
axon terminal vesicles, they carry the transmission of the nerve
impulse from one neuron to another
◉What is a synapse? Answer: Gap between neurons
◉Describe multipolar neurons Answer: have three or more
extensions from the cell body and have one axon and many
dendrites
◉Describe bipolar neurons Answer: have a central cell body with
two extensions
◉Describe unipolar neurons Answer: have one extension off the cell
body which branches into two: one central process running to the
CNS and another peripheral process running to the sensory receptor.
◉Which neurons are also called association neurons? Answer:
Interneurons
PROCESSES REVIEW MANUAL
◉Label the components of a neuron Answer:
◉List unusual characteristics of neurons Answer: -Neurons do not
undergo mitosis (cell division)
- Require enormous amounts of fuel
-being able to survive just minutes without oxygen
-can last an entire human lifetime
◉Describe the structure and function of the neuron cell body
Answer: Synthesizes all nerve cell products. Consists of a large
nucleus with surrounding cytoplasm containing the normal
organelles except centrioles
◉Describe the structure and function of the dendrite Answer:
Numerous short extensions that spread out from the cell body. It
receive information from other neurons conducting those nerve
impulses toward the cell body
◉Describe the axon, including the number in each neuron, function,
structure and organelles Answer: Conducts nerve impulses away
, from the cell body to its axon terminals where it is emitted across a
synapse to the dendrite of another neuron. Axons are composed of
cells like the cell body but lack rough endoplasmic reticulum.
◉Describe the function and site of synthesis and storage of
neurotransmitters. Answer: The cell body manufactures
neurotransmitters. When neurotransmitters are released by the
axon terminal vesicles, they carry the transmission of the nerve
impulse from one neuron to another
◉What is a synapse? Answer: Gap between neurons
◉Describe multipolar neurons Answer: have three or more
extensions from the cell body and have one axon and many
dendrites
◉Describe bipolar neurons Answer: have a central cell body with
two extensions
◉Describe unipolar neurons Answer: have one extension off the cell
body which branches into two: one central process running to the
CNS and another peripheral process running to the sensory receptor.
◉Which neurons are also called association neurons? Answer:
Interneurons
