UNDERSTANDING PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
CANADIAN EDITION CHAPTER 42
COMPREHENSIVE SOLVED QUESTIONS AND
COMPLETE ANSWERS
◉ For a patient experiencing metabolic acidosis, the body will
compensate by:
A. Hypoventilating
B. Hyperventilating.
Answer: B. Hyperventilating
◉ While reading a textbook, a student reads the term apoptosis. The
student recalls that apoptosis is a condition in which cells program
themselves to:
A. atrophy
B. die
C. age
D. regenerate.
Answer: B. die
,◉ A nurse is reviewing lab reports. The nurse recalls blood plasma is
located in which of the following fluid compartments?
A. Intravascular fluid
B. Intracellular fluid (ICF)
C. Extracellular fluid (ECF)
D. Interstitial fluid.
Answer: A. Intravascular fluid
◉ A 15-year-old female presents to the ER following a physical
assault. She has internal damage to the neck with deep bruising. X-
ray reveals fractures of the hyoid bone and tracheal and cricoid
cartilage. Which of the following most likely caused her injuries?
A. Chemical asphyxiation
B. Manual strangulation
C. Choking (foreign body) asphyxiation
D. Ligature strangulation.
Answer: B. Manual strangulation
◉ Which of the following is the most common cause of cellular
injury?
,A. Chemical injury
B. Hypoxia
C. Free radical-induced injury
D. Radiation injury.
Answer: B. hypoxia
◉ Your patient is on Lasix 40mg and passing large amounts of urine.
The nurse would be aware that the patient may be loosing
_________________ in the urine passed.
A. Sodium
B. Potassium.
Answer: B. potassium
◉ A 75-year-old male presents with chest pain on exertion. The
chest pain is most likely due to hypoxic injury secondary to
A. malnutrition
B. chemical toxicity
C. free radicals
D. ischemia.
Answer: ischemia
, ◉ A 40-year-old female's Pap smear indicates abnormal changes in
the shape and organization of cervical cells. Which term would be
used to identify this type of change?
A. Atrophy
B. Dysplasia
C. Hypertrophy
D. Metaplasia.
Answer: Dysplasia
◉ A nurse recalls that regulation of acid-base balance through
removal or retention of volatile acids is accomplished by the
A. liver
B. buffer system
C. lungs
D. skin.
Answer: lungs
◉ female with one X chromosome.
Answer: turner's syndrome
CANADIAN EDITION CHAPTER 42
COMPREHENSIVE SOLVED QUESTIONS AND
COMPLETE ANSWERS
◉ For a patient experiencing metabolic acidosis, the body will
compensate by:
A. Hypoventilating
B. Hyperventilating.
Answer: B. Hyperventilating
◉ While reading a textbook, a student reads the term apoptosis. The
student recalls that apoptosis is a condition in which cells program
themselves to:
A. atrophy
B. die
C. age
D. regenerate.
Answer: B. die
,◉ A nurse is reviewing lab reports. The nurse recalls blood plasma is
located in which of the following fluid compartments?
A. Intravascular fluid
B. Intracellular fluid (ICF)
C. Extracellular fluid (ECF)
D. Interstitial fluid.
Answer: A. Intravascular fluid
◉ A 15-year-old female presents to the ER following a physical
assault. She has internal damage to the neck with deep bruising. X-
ray reveals fractures of the hyoid bone and tracheal and cricoid
cartilage. Which of the following most likely caused her injuries?
A. Chemical asphyxiation
B. Manual strangulation
C. Choking (foreign body) asphyxiation
D. Ligature strangulation.
Answer: B. Manual strangulation
◉ Which of the following is the most common cause of cellular
injury?
,A. Chemical injury
B. Hypoxia
C. Free radical-induced injury
D. Radiation injury.
Answer: B. hypoxia
◉ Your patient is on Lasix 40mg and passing large amounts of urine.
The nurse would be aware that the patient may be loosing
_________________ in the urine passed.
A. Sodium
B. Potassium.
Answer: B. potassium
◉ A 75-year-old male presents with chest pain on exertion. The
chest pain is most likely due to hypoxic injury secondary to
A. malnutrition
B. chemical toxicity
C. free radicals
D. ischemia.
Answer: ischemia
, ◉ A 40-year-old female's Pap smear indicates abnormal changes in
the shape and organization of cervical cells. Which term would be
used to identify this type of change?
A. Atrophy
B. Dysplasia
C. Hypertrophy
D. Metaplasia.
Answer: Dysplasia
◉ A nurse recalls that regulation of acid-base balance through
removal or retention of volatile acids is accomplished by the
A. liver
B. buffer system
C. lungs
D. skin.
Answer: lungs
◉ female with one X chromosome.
Answer: turner's syndrome
