Bio 156- Final Exam || with 100% Correct Answers.
The biological and physical surroundings in which any given living organism exists is the
definition of correct answers Environment
Environmental science is an interdisciplinary field consisting of which three main branches
correct answers Natural science, social science, humanities
Environmental problems are difficult to solve for many reasons. Which of the following is NOT
one discussed in class? correct answers The consequences of human actions are impossible to
find solutions to
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of sustainable development correct answers
Sustainable development requires finding new resources to replace old ones
When resources aren't owned by anyone (a common pasture) and individuals who try to
maximize their own benefit (many cattle), end up harming the resource (depleting the grade), this
concept is known as correct answers Tragedy of the commons
Why is peer review an important component of the scientific process? correct answers It
provides an important check from other experts on the validity of new scientific studies
White-nose syndrome (WNS) has killed many bats, but some populations have not yet been
affected. Although WNS has not yet impacted all regions where bats live, the disease's likely
spread in the face of global warming is cause for concern. Bats are important predators of
mosquitoes and other nocturnal insects, and they play an important role in the ecosystem. The
continued decline of bat populations could have severe impacts on the environment and the
species that share it, including humans. Which example represents an application of the
precautionary principle as it relates to the spread of WNS? correct answers Federal policy
makers enacting a comprehensive plan to address WNS in bats
Which of the following is a biotic factor in a tropical coral reef? correct answers Parrotfish
,The wolf population in Yellowstone National Park in the early twentieth century was between
300 and 400 individuals. Hunters reported killing about 136 wolves. By the middle of the
twentieth century, wolves were no longer found in Yellowstone. Given that hunters didn't kill all
the wolves, what is the best explanation for why the wolf population in Yellowstone died out?
correct answers The population dropped below the minimum viable population size
In Yellowstone, the wolf population is the primary factor in keeping the elk population in check.
The elk population then regulates the aspen tree population. This chain (wolf-elk-aspen) is an
example of correct answers Top-Down Regulation
How does exponential growth differ from logistic growth? correct answers Exponential growth
occurs when the population is at its biotic potential, whereas logistic growth is limited by the
carrying capacity of the environment
When graphed, exponential growth results in a J-shaped curve, whereas logistic growth results in
an S-shaped curve
Exponential growth is typically seen when a species first enters a new environment, whereas
logistic growth is typically seen when a species is sustained in its long-term environment
Select the explanation for why density-idependent factors do not predictably regulate population
size correct answers Density-independent factors are typically abiotic and chaotic in nature
Does habitat fragmentation favor core species or edge species, and why are these species
favored? correct answers Edge species, because habitat fragmentation reduces core habitat and
increases the amount of edge habitat
What is the defining feature of a keystone species? correct answers Keystone species impact the
ecological community to a greater extent than their population numbers would suggest
, How is genetic drift different from natural selection? correct answers Genetic drift is caused by
random chance, whereas natural selection is driven by environmental influences
How does artificial selection differ from natural selection? correct answers In artificial selection,
humans are the selective pressure
In what ways are humans contributing to accelerated extinction rate? correct answers
Deforestation in biologically diverse regions, such as the Amazon
The introduction of non-native or exotic species, such as the brown tree snake in Guam
Increasing human populations and resource consumption
Empirical science (examples) correct answers Glaciologists study & record the rate of high-
altitude glacier melt
Ecologists observe rates of habitat loss from deforestation
Applied science (examples) correct answers Forestry managers utilize ecological observations to
help protect species
Engineers devise ways to provide water to high-altitude communities
Ecocentric correct answers Plants are valuable because they serve many functions including
habitat provision, air purification, & supply of food for animals
Anthropocentric correct answers Fossil fuels have great worth because they provide a critical
energy source for society
The biological and physical surroundings in which any given living organism exists is the
definition of correct answers Environment
Environmental science is an interdisciplinary field consisting of which three main branches
correct answers Natural science, social science, humanities
Environmental problems are difficult to solve for many reasons. Which of the following is NOT
one discussed in class? correct answers The consequences of human actions are impossible to
find solutions to
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of sustainable development correct answers
Sustainable development requires finding new resources to replace old ones
When resources aren't owned by anyone (a common pasture) and individuals who try to
maximize their own benefit (many cattle), end up harming the resource (depleting the grade), this
concept is known as correct answers Tragedy of the commons
Why is peer review an important component of the scientific process? correct answers It
provides an important check from other experts on the validity of new scientific studies
White-nose syndrome (WNS) has killed many bats, but some populations have not yet been
affected. Although WNS has not yet impacted all regions where bats live, the disease's likely
spread in the face of global warming is cause for concern. Bats are important predators of
mosquitoes and other nocturnal insects, and they play an important role in the ecosystem. The
continued decline of bat populations could have severe impacts on the environment and the
species that share it, including humans. Which example represents an application of the
precautionary principle as it relates to the spread of WNS? correct answers Federal policy
makers enacting a comprehensive plan to address WNS in bats
Which of the following is a biotic factor in a tropical coral reef? correct answers Parrotfish
,The wolf population in Yellowstone National Park in the early twentieth century was between
300 and 400 individuals. Hunters reported killing about 136 wolves. By the middle of the
twentieth century, wolves were no longer found in Yellowstone. Given that hunters didn't kill all
the wolves, what is the best explanation for why the wolf population in Yellowstone died out?
correct answers The population dropped below the minimum viable population size
In Yellowstone, the wolf population is the primary factor in keeping the elk population in check.
The elk population then regulates the aspen tree population. This chain (wolf-elk-aspen) is an
example of correct answers Top-Down Regulation
How does exponential growth differ from logistic growth? correct answers Exponential growth
occurs when the population is at its biotic potential, whereas logistic growth is limited by the
carrying capacity of the environment
When graphed, exponential growth results in a J-shaped curve, whereas logistic growth results in
an S-shaped curve
Exponential growth is typically seen when a species first enters a new environment, whereas
logistic growth is typically seen when a species is sustained in its long-term environment
Select the explanation for why density-idependent factors do not predictably regulate population
size correct answers Density-independent factors are typically abiotic and chaotic in nature
Does habitat fragmentation favor core species or edge species, and why are these species
favored? correct answers Edge species, because habitat fragmentation reduces core habitat and
increases the amount of edge habitat
What is the defining feature of a keystone species? correct answers Keystone species impact the
ecological community to a greater extent than their population numbers would suggest
, How is genetic drift different from natural selection? correct answers Genetic drift is caused by
random chance, whereas natural selection is driven by environmental influences
How does artificial selection differ from natural selection? correct answers In artificial selection,
humans are the selective pressure
In what ways are humans contributing to accelerated extinction rate? correct answers
Deforestation in biologically diverse regions, such as the Amazon
The introduction of non-native or exotic species, such as the brown tree snake in Guam
Increasing human populations and resource consumption
Empirical science (examples) correct answers Glaciologists study & record the rate of high-
altitude glacier melt
Ecologists observe rates of habitat loss from deforestation
Applied science (examples) correct answers Forestry managers utilize ecological observations to
help protect species
Engineers devise ways to provide water to high-altitude communities
Ecocentric correct answers Plants are valuable because they serve many functions including
habitat provision, air purification, & supply of food for animals
Anthropocentric correct answers Fossil fuels have great worth because they provide a critical
energy source for society
