Bio 156 EXAM #1 (Recent exam) Fully solved & updated 2026 Most
COMPLETE (2026) (Latest Update 2026) UPDATE!!
What is the definition of "Biology"? correct answers Biology is the scientific study of life and
organisms
ESSAY:
1. Create a carefully worded and precise RQ
-Define, describe, clarify (any unclear words/phrases)
-Ask other researchers
2. Review the "Literature"" to explore the RQ
-Primary literature: published reports of original scientific research, peer reviewed journals
-Secondary literature: everything else
3. Create multiple HYPOTHESES and make list of POSSIBLE answers to RQ
-Hypothesis: one of many possible answers to the RQ
-Is it VALID: does it make sense
-Is it TESTABLE: can it be used to generate PREDICTIONS (deductions) about CMW world
4. Generate PREDICTIONS from your hypothesis. Be SPECIFIC
-The deduction formula
-IF (my H is true), THEN what should I observe in the real world
5. Do EXPERIMENTS test your PREDICTIONS
-Establish clear & repeatable EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
-consider RQ, hypothesis, the variables
,-IV: deliberately change, "set up"
-DV: observe
-Controlled variable: all possible variables that mi correct answers essay
What is Science? correct answers Science is a tool used to answer certain questions about the
natural world
When/Where does SCIENCE/SCIENTIFIC METHOD "work" best? correct answers Works best
when...
We are asking questions and expecting answers in concrete material "CMW"
How can you make sure that your RESEARCH QUESTION is clear and precise? correct
answers -Define
-Describe
-Clarify any unclear words or phrases
-Ask other researchers
Why is PEER COMMUNICATION [step 7] mentioned in step 1 of the H-D Scientific Method?
correct answers -Peer communication should actually be in EVERY STEP
-Science is a social activity
What exactly is a hypothesis?
Describe 2 properties of a GOOD/USEFUL hypothesis. correct answers -A hypothesis is one of
many possible answers to the research question
-Valid: does it makes sense
-Testable: can be used to make predictions about the CMW
, List two ways that a HYPOTHESIS and a PREDICTION are different correct answers -
HYPOTHESIS
-general
-sound like an answer to a question
-PREDICTIONS
-specific
-sound like a research question
What is the difference between a HYPOTHESIS and a THEORY? correct answers -Theory: a
well tested hypothesis that has never made a false prediction, (and has only made true
predictions)
-Hypothesis: only ONE possible answer
How do we decide if a HYPOTHESIS gets to "stay on the list of possible answers" or gets
thrown off the list? correct answers -IF a hypothesis is VALID and TESTABLE it is kept on the
list
-IF a hypothesis is making TRUE PREDICTIONS, THEN we keep it on the list of possible
answers to the RQ.
IF it makes a FALSE prediction, it gets thrown off the list.
Define Independent variable (IV) correct answers -the variable that is deliberately created/"set
up" by the researcher
Define Dependent variable (DV) correct answers -the variable that is measured
-usually difficult to create it
-can only observe it
COMPLETE (2026) (Latest Update 2026) UPDATE!!
What is the definition of "Biology"? correct answers Biology is the scientific study of life and
organisms
ESSAY:
1. Create a carefully worded and precise RQ
-Define, describe, clarify (any unclear words/phrases)
-Ask other researchers
2. Review the "Literature"" to explore the RQ
-Primary literature: published reports of original scientific research, peer reviewed journals
-Secondary literature: everything else
3. Create multiple HYPOTHESES and make list of POSSIBLE answers to RQ
-Hypothesis: one of many possible answers to the RQ
-Is it VALID: does it make sense
-Is it TESTABLE: can it be used to generate PREDICTIONS (deductions) about CMW world
4. Generate PREDICTIONS from your hypothesis. Be SPECIFIC
-The deduction formula
-IF (my H is true), THEN what should I observe in the real world
5. Do EXPERIMENTS test your PREDICTIONS
-Establish clear & repeatable EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
-consider RQ, hypothesis, the variables
,-IV: deliberately change, "set up"
-DV: observe
-Controlled variable: all possible variables that mi correct answers essay
What is Science? correct answers Science is a tool used to answer certain questions about the
natural world
When/Where does SCIENCE/SCIENTIFIC METHOD "work" best? correct answers Works best
when...
We are asking questions and expecting answers in concrete material "CMW"
How can you make sure that your RESEARCH QUESTION is clear and precise? correct
answers -Define
-Describe
-Clarify any unclear words or phrases
-Ask other researchers
Why is PEER COMMUNICATION [step 7] mentioned in step 1 of the H-D Scientific Method?
correct answers -Peer communication should actually be in EVERY STEP
-Science is a social activity
What exactly is a hypothesis?
Describe 2 properties of a GOOD/USEFUL hypothesis. correct answers -A hypothesis is one of
many possible answers to the research question
-Valid: does it makes sense
-Testable: can be used to make predictions about the CMW
, List two ways that a HYPOTHESIS and a PREDICTION are different correct answers -
HYPOTHESIS
-general
-sound like an answer to a question
-PREDICTIONS
-specific
-sound like a research question
What is the difference between a HYPOTHESIS and a THEORY? correct answers -Theory: a
well tested hypothesis that has never made a false prediction, (and has only made true
predictions)
-Hypothesis: only ONE possible answer
How do we decide if a HYPOTHESIS gets to "stay on the list of possible answers" or gets
thrown off the list? correct answers -IF a hypothesis is VALID and TESTABLE it is kept on the
list
-IF a hypothesis is making TRUE PREDICTIONS, THEN we keep it on the list of possible
answers to the RQ.
IF it makes a FALSE prediction, it gets thrown off the list.
Define Independent variable (IV) correct answers -the variable that is deliberately created/"set
up" by the researcher
Define Dependent variable (DV) correct answers -the variable that is measured
-usually difficult to create it
-can only observe it
