Bio 156 Unit 4 Exam || Error-free Answers 100%.
Nucleotide correct answers A building block of DNA, consisting of a five-carbon sugar
covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group.
DNA correct answers A long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell and formed from
nucleotides and shaped like a double helix.
DNA Replication correct answers DNA unzips into two parts and splits with the cell. In it's new
home each side of the DNA strand attack to matching nucleotides to create 2 exact copies. It is
important in puberty and other times of growth as it is the reproducing of your cells.
DNA Rungs correct answers nitrogen bases: adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine
DNA Backbone correct answers Made of deoxyribose SUGAR and Phosphate
Semi-conservative Replication correct answers in each new DNA double helix, one strand is
from the original molecule, and one strand is new
RNA correct answers A type of nucleic acid consisting of nucleotide monomers with a ribose
sugar and the nitrogenous bases adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and uracil (U); usually
single-stranded; functions in protein synthesis and as the genome of some viruses.
DNA Vs RNA correct answers RNA contains ribose instead of deoxyribose, RNA contains uracil
instead of thymine like DNA, RNA is single-stranded rather than double-stranded like DNA,
RNA is smaller than DNA, and RNA is sometimes found in the cytoplasm.
RNA and DNA correct answers Both are nucleic acids, made of nucleotides, have sugar-
phosphate backbones, and found in the nucleus
, 3 Types of RNA correct answers Messenger RNA (mRNA), Transport RNA (tRNA), Ribosomal
RNA (rRNA)
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) correct answers A constituent of ribosome; exists within the ribosomes
of cytoplasm and assists in protein synthesis.
Messenger RNA (mRNA) correct answers A type of RNA, synthesized using a DNA template,
that attaches to ribosomes in the cytoplasm and specifies the primary structure of a protein.
Transfer RNA (tRNA) correct answers A type of ribonucleic acid that functions as an interpreter
in translation. Each tRNA molecule has a specific anticodon, picks up a specific amino acid, and
conveys the amino acid to the appropriate codon on mRNA.
Proteins correct answers Composed of subunits of amino acids, sequence of amino acids
determines the shape of the protein; important for diverse functions in the body, including
hormones, enzymes, and transport; can denature, causing a loss of function.
Translation correct answers Decoding of mRNA message into a polypeptide chain.
3 Steps of Translation correct answers 1.) Initiation- mRNA binds to the small ribosomal
subunits and causes 2 ribosomal units to associate. 2.) Elongation- polypeptide lengthens, tRNA
picks up an amino acid, tRNA has an anticodonthat is complementary to the codon on the
mRNA; tRNA anticodon bonds to the codon and drops off an amino acid to the growing
polypeptide 3.) Termination- a stop codon on the mRNA causes the ribosomes to fall off the
mRNA.
Gene Expression correct answers The process by which information encoded in DNA directs the
synthesis of proteins or, in some cases, RNAs that are not translated into proteins and instead
function as RNAs.
2 Steps of Gene Expression correct answers 1.) Transcription- DNA is read to make a mRNA in
the nucleus of our cells
Nucleotide correct answers A building block of DNA, consisting of a five-carbon sugar
covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group.
DNA correct answers A long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell and formed from
nucleotides and shaped like a double helix.
DNA Replication correct answers DNA unzips into two parts and splits with the cell. In it's new
home each side of the DNA strand attack to matching nucleotides to create 2 exact copies. It is
important in puberty and other times of growth as it is the reproducing of your cells.
DNA Rungs correct answers nitrogen bases: adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine
DNA Backbone correct answers Made of deoxyribose SUGAR and Phosphate
Semi-conservative Replication correct answers in each new DNA double helix, one strand is
from the original molecule, and one strand is new
RNA correct answers A type of nucleic acid consisting of nucleotide monomers with a ribose
sugar and the nitrogenous bases adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and uracil (U); usually
single-stranded; functions in protein synthesis and as the genome of some viruses.
DNA Vs RNA correct answers RNA contains ribose instead of deoxyribose, RNA contains uracil
instead of thymine like DNA, RNA is single-stranded rather than double-stranded like DNA,
RNA is smaller than DNA, and RNA is sometimes found in the cytoplasm.
RNA and DNA correct answers Both are nucleic acids, made of nucleotides, have sugar-
phosphate backbones, and found in the nucleus
, 3 Types of RNA correct answers Messenger RNA (mRNA), Transport RNA (tRNA), Ribosomal
RNA (rRNA)
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) correct answers A constituent of ribosome; exists within the ribosomes
of cytoplasm and assists in protein synthesis.
Messenger RNA (mRNA) correct answers A type of RNA, synthesized using a DNA template,
that attaches to ribosomes in the cytoplasm and specifies the primary structure of a protein.
Transfer RNA (tRNA) correct answers A type of ribonucleic acid that functions as an interpreter
in translation. Each tRNA molecule has a specific anticodon, picks up a specific amino acid, and
conveys the amino acid to the appropriate codon on mRNA.
Proteins correct answers Composed of subunits of amino acids, sequence of amino acids
determines the shape of the protein; important for diverse functions in the body, including
hormones, enzymes, and transport; can denature, causing a loss of function.
Translation correct answers Decoding of mRNA message into a polypeptide chain.
3 Steps of Translation correct answers 1.) Initiation- mRNA binds to the small ribosomal
subunits and causes 2 ribosomal units to associate. 2.) Elongation- polypeptide lengthens, tRNA
picks up an amino acid, tRNA has an anticodonthat is complementary to the codon on the
mRNA; tRNA anticodon bonds to the codon and drops off an amino acid to the growing
polypeptide 3.) Termination- a stop codon on the mRNA causes the ribosomes to fall off the
mRNA.
Gene Expression correct answers The process by which information encoded in DNA directs the
synthesis of proteins or, in some cases, RNAs that are not translated into proteins and instead
function as RNAs.
2 Steps of Gene Expression correct answers 1.) Transcription- DNA is read to make a mRNA in
the nucleus of our cells
