CPNRE Exam Review Questions with Correct
Answers
Agonist
A drug that binds to and stimulates the activity of one or more receptors in the body.
Antagonist
a drug that neutralizes or counteracts the effects of another drug (prevents agonist from
binding to receptor)
Depressants
drugs (such as alcohol, sedatives, hypnotics, anxiolytics, anti-seizure, barbiturates, and
analgesics (opiates, non opioids) that reduce neural activity and slow body functions in the
CNS
Stimulants
Drugs (such as caffeine, nicotine, and the more powerful amphetamines, cocaine, and
Ecstasy) that excite neural activity and speed up body functions
Opioid Analgesics
Synthetic pain-relieving substances that were originally derived from the opium poppy,
Naturally occurring opium derivatives are called opiates.
examples of opioid analgesics (3)
Morphine, codeine, fentanyl, hydromorphone, demerol , oxycodone, tramadol
Adverse Effects of Opioid Analgesics
, - All opioids have strong abuse potential.
- Histamine release causes: pruritus, rash, and hemodynamic changes, flushing, orthostatic
hypotension.
- Most serious is CNS depression, which may lead to respiratory depression.
- GI effects are common due to stimulation of GI opioid receptors; N/V and constipation are
most common.
- Urinary retention
Opioid Antagonists
drugs that can block the actions of opioids ex) Naloxone (Narcan)
common non-opioid analgesics
acetaminophen, ibuprofen, aspirin, naproxen, Celebrex
Benzodiazepines
Prevents mild to severe anxiety, insomnia, skeletal muscle relaxation, pre-op medication
Adverse effects of Benzodiazepines
Dizziness, ataxia, drowsiness, blurred vision, confusion
Non-benzodiazepines
Sublinox, zopiclone, diphenhydramine, zoloft
Barbituates
drugs that depress the activity of the central nervous system, reducing anxiety but impairing
memory and judgement
ex) Phenobarbital
Benzos for antiseizure
Answers
Agonist
A drug that binds to and stimulates the activity of one or more receptors in the body.
Antagonist
a drug that neutralizes or counteracts the effects of another drug (prevents agonist from
binding to receptor)
Depressants
drugs (such as alcohol, sedatives, hypnotics, anxiolytics, anti-seizure, barbiturates, and
analgesics (opiates, non opioids) that reduce neural activity and slow body functions in the
CNS
Stimulants
Drugs (such as caffeine, nicotine, and the more powerful amphetamines, cocaine, and
Ecstasy) that excite neural activity and speed up body functions
Opioid Analgesics
Synthetic pain-relieving substances that were originally derived from the opium poppy,
Naturally occurring opium derivatives are called opiates.
examples of opioid analgesics (3)
Morphine, codeine, fentanyl, hydromorphone, demerol , oxycodone, tramadol
Adverse Effects of Opioid Analgesics
, - All opioids have strong abuse potential.
- Histamine release causes: pruritus, rash, and hemodynamic changes, flushing, orthostatic
hypotension.
- Most serious is CNS depression, which may lead to respiratory depression.
- GI effects are common due to stimulation of GI opioid receptors; N/V and constipation are
most common.
- Urinary retention
Opioid Antagonists
drugs that can block the actions of opioids ex) Naloxone (Narcan)
common non-opioid analgesics
acetaminophen, ibuprofen, aspirin, naproxen, Celebrex
Benzodiazepines
Prevents mild to severe anxiety, insomnia, skeletal muscle relaxation, pre-op medication
Adverse effects of Benzodiazepines
Dizziness, ataxia, drowsiness, blurred vision, confusion
Non-benzodiazepines
Sublinox, zopiclone, diphenhydramine, zoloft
Barbituates
drugs that depress the activity of the central nervous system, reducing anxiety but impairing
memory and judgement
ex) Phenobarbital
Benzos for antiseizure
