BIOS 255 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY III
EXAM 2 CERTIFICATION REVIEW SET 2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
⫸ Tunica media Answer: Middle layer, contains smooth muscle and
elastic fibers.
⫸ Tunica intima Answer: Innermost layer, consists of endothelial cells.
⫸ Elastic arteries Answer: Largest arteries, more elastic fibers than
smooth muscle.
⫸ Muscular arteries Answer: Distributing arteries with significant
smooth muscle content.
⫸ Resistance arteries Answer: Smallest arteries, control blood flow to
capillaries.
⫸ Aneurysm Answer: Weak vessel wall causing bulging, pulsates with
heartbeat.
⫸ Capillaries Answer: Site for nutrient and waste exchange, only tunica
intima.
, ⫸ Continuous capillaries Answer: Uninterrupted lining, small gaps for
gas exchange.
⫸ Fenestrated capillaries Answer: Pores allow larger molecule passage,
found in kidneys.
⫸ Sinusoidal capillaries Answer: Large openings for proteins, found in
liver.
⫸ Veins Answer: Contain valves, assist blood return to heart.
⫸ Venules Answer: Smallest veins, connected to capillary beds.
⫸ Medium veins Answer: Veins with slightly larger diameter than
venules.
⫸ Large veins Answer: Largest veins, example is inferior vena cava.
⫸ Blood flow sequence Answer: Heart → artery → arteriole →
capillary → vein → heart.
⫸ Portal system Answer: Blood vessels with capillary beds at both
ends.
⫸ Anastomoses Answer: Merging of vessels, not including capillaries.
EXAM 2 CERTIFICATION REVIEW SET 2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
⫸ Tunica media Answer: Middle layer, contains smooth muscle and
elastic fibers.
⫸ Tunica intima Answer: Innermost layer, consists of endothelial cells.
⫸ Elastic arteries Answer: Largest arteries, more elastic fibers than
smooth muscle.
⫸ Muscular arteries Answer: Distributing arteries with significant
smooth muscle content.
⫸ Resistance arteries Answer: Smallest arteries, control blood flow to
capillaries.
⫸ Aneurysm Answer: Weak vessel wall causing bulging, pulsates with
heartbeat.
⫸ Capillaries Answer: Site for nutrient and waste exchange, only tunica
intima.
, ⫸ Continuous capillaries Answer: Uninterrupted lining, small gaps for
gas exchange.
⫸ Fenestrated capillaries Answer: Pores allow larger molecule passage,
found in kidneys.
⫸ Sinusoidal capillaries Answer: Large openings for proteins, found in
liver.
⫸ Veins Answer: Contain valves, assist blood return to heart.
⫸ Venules Answer: Smallest veins, connected to capillary beds.
⫸ Medium veins Answer: Veins with slightly larger diameter than
venules.
⫸ Large veins Answer: Largest veins, example is inferior vena cava.
⫸ Blood flow sequence Answer: Heart → artery → arteriole →
capillary → vein → heart.
⫸ Portal system Answer: Blood vessels with capillary beds at both
ends.
⫸ Anastomoses Answer: Merging of vessels, not including capillaries.
