NUR 2063 Essentials of Pathophysiology
Final Exam Questions and Correct Answers
Question 1
This condition is an abnormal dilation of a vein within the spermatic cord and is
classically described as a "bag of worms".
a. balanitis
b. hydrocele
c. varicocele
d. spermatoceles
Correct Answer
varicocele
Question 2
Prinzmetal angina pain is caused by:
a. abnormal stretching of the ischemic myocardium
b. buildup of lactic acid that irritates myocardial nerve fibers
c. coronary embolus
d. vasospasm of one or more coronary arteries
Correct Answer
vasospasm of one or more coronary arteries
Question 3
Pemphigus, bulbous pemphigoid, erythema multiforme, SJS, TEN
Correct Answer
Vesicollobullous disorders
Question 4
Type I hypersensitivity
Correct Answer
Early onset (childhood) allergic asthma is initiated by a
Page 1 of 137
,Question 5
When examining the results of a patient's thyroid studies, what would be the correct
diagnosis if the labs revealed a decreased TSH, increased free T4, increased total T4
and increased T3?
a. hyperparathyroidism
b. myxedema
c. hypothyroidism
d. secondary hyperthyroidism
e. primary hyperthyroidism
Correct Answer
primary hyperthyroidism
Question 6
A compensatory breathing pattern frequently seen with DKA is called:
a. cheyne stokes respirations
b. apnea
c. kaussmaul respirations
d. hypoventilation
Correct Answer
kaussmaul respirations
Question 7
Ans: A- excretion of unconjugated bilirubin through the placenta into the mother's
circulation is no longer possible
Correct Answer
When diagnosed with hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN), why does the
newborn develop hyperbilirubinemia after birth but not in utero?
A) excretion of unconjugated bilirubin through the placenta into the mother's
circulation is no longer possible
B) hemoglobin does now break down inot bilirubin in the intrauterin environment
C) the liver of the fetus is too immature to conjugate bilirubin from a lipid-soluble
form to a water-soluble form
D) the destruction of erythtocytes producing bilirubin is greater after birth
Page 2 of 137
,Question 8
Ans: B- suppression of the bone marrow to produce adequate amounts of
erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes
Correct Answer
In aplastic anemis (AA), pancytopenia develops as a result of which of the following?
A) suppression of erythropoietin to produce adequate amounts of erythrocytes
B) suppression of the bone marrow to produce adequte amounts of erythrocytes,
leukocytes, and thrombocytes
C) lack of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) to form sufficient quantitites of erythrocytes,
leukocytes, and thrombocytes
D) lact of stem cells toform sufficient quantities of leukocytes
Question 9
The usual site of fertilization of an ovum is in the ______________?
a. fallopian tube
b. uterus
c. vagina
d. ovary
Correct Answer
fallopian tube
Question 10
Reflex activities concerned with heart rate, blood pressure, respirations, sneezing,
swallowing, and coughing are controlled by which area of the brain?
A) pons
B) midbrain
C) cerebellum
D) medulla oblongata
Correct Answer
medulla oblongata
Page 3 of 137
, Question 11
• A group of disorders in which the patient experiences difficulty in expanding their
lungs during insp. and decreased lung volume
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
• Lung tissue changes
• Pleural disease
CLINICAL PRESENTATION
• Dyspnea
• Non-productive cough
• Weakness & fatigue
• Deceased chest expansion with insp.
• Digital clubbing
• Cyanosis
Ex: aspiration, atelectasis, bronchiectasis, bronchiolitis, pulmonary fibrosis, inhalation
disorders, pneumoconiosis, allergic alveolitis, pulmonary edema, ARDS
Correct Answer
restricted lung disease
Question 12
Cushing, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hyperaldosteronism, hypersecretion of
adrenal androgens and estrogens, adrenocortical hypodunction
Correct Answer
Disorders of the Adrenal Cortex
Question 13
The most common form of diabetes in children is:
a. type I DM
b. SIADH
c. type II DM
d. diabetes insipidus
Correct Answer
type I DM
Page 4 of 137
Final Exam Questions and Correct Answers
Question 1
This condition is an abnormal dilation of a vein within the spermatic cord and is
classically described as a "bag of worms".
a. balanitis
b. hydrocele
c. varicocele
d. spermatoceles
Correct Answer
varicocele
Question 2
Prinzmetal angina pain is caused by:
a. abnormal stretching of the ischemic myocardium
b. buildup of lactic acid that irritates myocardial nerve fibers
c. coronary embolus
d. vasospasm of one or more coronary arteries
Correct Answer
vasospasm of one or more coronary arteries
Question 3
Pemphigus, bulbous pemphigoid, erythema multiforme, SJS, TEN
Correct Answer
Vesicollobullous disorders
Question 4
Type I hypersensitivity
Correct Answer
Early onset (childhood) allergic asthma is initiated by a
Page 1 of 137
,Question 5
When examining the results of a patient's thyroid studies, what would be the correct
diagnosis if the labs revealed a decreased TSH, increased free T4, increased total T4
and increased T3?
a. hyperparathyroidism
b. myxedema
c. hypothyroidism
d. secondary hyperthyroidism
e. primary hyperthyroidism
Correct Answer
primary hyperthyroidism
Question 6
A compensatory breathing pattern frequently seen with DKA is called:
a. cheyne stokes respirations
b. apnea
c. kaussmaul respirations
d. hypoventilation
Correct Answer
kaussmaul respirations
Question 7
Ans: A- excretion of unconjugated bilirubin through the placenta into the mother's
circulation is no longer possible
Correct Answer
When diagnosed with hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN), why does the
newborn develop hyperbilirubinemia after birth but not in utero?
A) excretion of unconjugated bilirubin through the placenta into the mother's
circulation is no longer possible
B) hemoglobin does now break down inot bilirubin in the intrauterin environment
C) the liver of the fetus is too immature to conjugate bilirubin from a lipid-soluble
form to a water-soluble form
D) the destruction of erythtocytes producing bilirubin is greater after birth
Page 2 of 137
,Question 8
Ans: B- suppression of the bone marrow to produce adequate amounts of
erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes
Correct Answer
In aplastic anemis (AA), pancytopenia develops as a result of which of the following?
A) suppression of erythropoietin to produce adequate amounts of erythrocytes
B) suppression of the bone marrow to produce adequte amounts of erythrocytes,
leukocytes, and thrombocytes
C) lack of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) to form sufficient quantitites of erythrocytes,
leukocytes, and thrombocytes
D) lact of stem cells toform sufficient quantities of leukocytes
Question 9
The usual site of fertilization of an ovum is in the ______________?
a. fallopian tube
b. uterus
c. vagina
d. ovary
Correct Answer
fallopian tube
Question 10
Reflex activities concerned with heart rate, blood pressure, respirations, sneezing,
swallowing, and coughing are controlled by which area of the brain?
A) pons
B) midbrain
C) cerebellum
D) medulla oblongata
Correct Answer
medulla oblongata
Page 3 of 137
, Question 11
• A group of disorders in which the patient experiences difficulty in expanding their
lungs during insp. and decreased lung volume
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
• Lung tissue changes
• Pleural disease
CLINICAL PRESENTATION
• Dyspnea
• Non-productive cough
• Weakness & fatigue
• Deceased chest expansion with insp.
• Digital clubbing
• Cyanosis
Ex: aspiration, atelectasis, bronchiectasis, bronchiolitis, pulmonary fibrosis, inhalation
disorders, pneumoconiosis, allergic alveolitis, pulmonary edema, ARDS
Correct Answer
restricted lung disease
Question 12
Cushing, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hyperaldosteronism, hypersecretion of
adrenal androgens and estrogens, adrenocortical hypodunction
Correct Answer
Disorders of the Adrenal Cortex
Question 13
The most common form of diabetes in children is:
a. type I DM
b. SIADH
c. type II DM
d. diabetes insipidus
Correct Answer
type I DM
Page 4 of 137
