CRAT ACTUAL LATEST EXAM 2026/2027 QUESTIONS
AND SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔The _____ pericardium is the inner layer of the pericardium, which is also the outer
layer of the heart wall called the _____. - ✔✔Visceral, epicardium
✔✔When a ventricle relaxes in the normal heart, blood is prevented from flowing back
into it by - ✔✔A semilunar valve
✔✔Which of the following conditions are potentially reversible? - ✔✔Myocardial
ischemia and myocardial injury
✔✔Which of the following is the innermost layer of the heart that lines its inner
chambers, valves and is continuous with the innermost layers of the arteries, veins and
capillaries of the body? - ✔✔Endocardium
✔✔Which of the following statements is CORRECT - ✔✔A branch of the right coronary
artery supplies the right atrium and the right ventricle
✔✔The main electrolytes that affect cardiac function are - ✔✔Sodium, potassium,
chloride, calcium
✔✔When an ECG machine is properly calibrated, a 1-millivolt (mV) electrical signal will
produce a deflection measuring exactly ______ tall. - ✔✔Ten millimeters
✔✔The ST segment is measured from - ✔✔The end of the QRS to the beginning of the
T wave
✔✔Where is the positive electrode placed in Lead III? - ✔✔Left leg/foot
✔✔Five large boxes, each consisting of five small boxes, represent _____ on ECG
paper. - ✔✔One second
✔✔Another term for ventricular escape rhythm - ✔✔Idioventricular Rhythm (IVR)
✔✔Agonal rhythm - ✔✔IVR with HR < 20 bpm
✔✔HR for IVR (ventricular escape rhythm) - ✔✔20-40 bpm
✔✔Signs and symptoms experienced during a tachydysrhythmia are usually primarily
related to: - ✔✔Decreased ventricular filling time and stroke volume
, ✔✔The most common type of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) - ✔✔AV nodal
reentrant tachycarida (AVNRT)
✔✔Which of the following rhythm originates in the SA node and is commonly phasic
with breathing? - ✔✔Sinus arrhythmia
✔✔HR Range: Idioventricular, Acc Idioventricular, and Vtach - ✔✔20-40, 41-100, 101+
✔✔HR Range: Juncitonal, Acc Junctional, and Junctional Tach - ✔✔40-60, 61-100,
101+
✔✔Intrinsic rate of SA node - ✔✔60-100 bpm
✔✔Intrinsic rate of AV node - ✔✔40-60 bpm
✔✔Intrinsic rate of Purkinje fibers (ventricles) - ✔✔20-40 bpm
✔✔2 types of v-tach - ✔✔monomorphic (all the same) and polymorphic (looks like a
spindle)
✔✔Torsades de Pointes is a type of ______ ______ - ✔✔poltmorphic v-tach
✔✔Rhythm that has no pattern at all. Waveforms cannot be identified. - ✔✔V-fib
✔✔If R is far from P, then you have - ✔✔1st degree
✔✔Longer, longer, longer, drop, then you have a - ✔✔Wenckebache (mobitz 1, 2nd
degree type 1)
✔✔If some p's don't get through, then you have a - ✔✔Mobitz 2 (2nd degree type 2)
✔✔If p's and r's dont agree, then you have a - ✔✔3rd degree
✔✔The two types of blocks where PR intervals are all identical - ✔✔1st degree, and
2nd degree type 2
✔✔A 3rd degree block will either be ______ with a narrow QRS or _____ with a wide
QRS. - ✔✔Junctional or ventricular. And PR interval has no consistency.
✔✔A ____ pause follows a PAC. - ✔✔incomplete. SA node resets its rhythm.
✔✔A ____ pause follows a PVC. - ✔✔complete. Before and after premature beat is the
same as 2 r-r intervals
AND SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔The _____ pericardium is the inner layer of the pericardium, which is also the outer
layer of the heart wall called the _____. - ✔✔Visceral, epicardium
✔✔When a ventricle relaxes in the normal heart, blood is prevented from flowing back
into it by - ✔✔A semilunar valve
✔✔Which of the following conditions are potentially reversible? - ✔✔Myocardial
ischemia and myocardial injury
✔✔Which of the following is the innermost layer of the heart that lines its inner
chambers, valves and is continuous with the innermost layers of the arteries, veins and
capillaries of the body? - ✔✔Endocardium
✔✔Which of the following statements is CORRECT - ✔✔A branch of the right coronary
artery supplies the right atrium and the right ventricle
✔✔The main electrolytes that affect cardiac function are - ✔✔Sodium, potassium,
chloride, calcium
✔✔When an ECG machine is properly calibrated, a 1-millivolt (mV) electrical signal will
produce a deflection measuring exactly ______ tall. - ✔✔Ten millimeters
✔✔The ST segment is measured from - ✔✔The end of the QRS to the beginning of the
T wave
✔✔Where is the positive electrode placed in Lead III? - ✔✔Left leg/foot
✔✔Five large boxes, each consisting of five small boxes, represent _____ on ECG
paper. - ✔✔One second
✔✔Another term for ventricular escape rhythm - ✔✔Idioventricular Rhythm (IVR)
✔✔Agonal rhythm - ✔✔IVR with HR < 20 bpm
✔✔HR for IVR (ventricular escape rhythm) - ✔✔20-40 bpm
✔✔Signs and symptoms experienced during a tachydysrhythmia are usually primarily
related to: - ✔✔Decreased ventricular filling time and stroke volume
, ✔✔The most common type of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) - ✔✔AV nodal
reentrant tachycarida (AVNRT)
✔✔Which of the following rhythm originates in the SA node and is commonly phasic
with breathing? - ✔✔Sinus arrhythmia
✔✔HR Range: Idioventricular, Acc Idioventricular, and Vtach - ✔✔20-40, 41-100, 101+
✔✔HR Range: Juncitonal, Acc Junctional, and Junctional Tach - ✔✔40-60, 61-100,
101+
✔✔Intrinsic rate of SA node - ✔✔60-100 bpm
✔✔Intrinsic rate of AV node - ✔✔40-60 bpm
✔✔Intrinsic rate of Purkinje fibers (ventricles) - ✔✔20-40 bpm
✔✔2 types of v-tach - ✔✔monomorphic (all the same) and polymorphic (looks like a
spindle)
✔✔Torsades de Pointes is a type of ______ ______ - ✔✔poltmorphic v-tach
✔✔Rhythm that has no pattern at all. Waveforms cannot be identified. - ✔✔V-fib
✔✔If R is far from P, then you have - ✔✔1st degree
✔✔Longer, longer, longer, drop, then you have a - ✔✔Wenckebache (mobitz 1, 2nd
degree type 1)
✔✔If some p's don't get through, then you have a - ✔✔Mobitz 2 (2nd degree type 2)
✔✔If p's and r's dont agree, then you have a - ✔✔3rd degree
✔✔The two types of blocks where PR intervals are all identical - ✔✔1st degree, and
2nd degree type 2
✔✔A 3rd degree block will either be ______ with a narrow QRS or _____ with a wide
QRS. - ✔✔Junctional or ventricular. And PR interval has no consistency.
✔✔A ____ pause follows a PAC. - ✔✔incomplete. SA node resets its rhythm.
✔✔A ____ pause follows a PVC. - ✔✔complete. Before and after premature beat is the
same as 2 r-r intervals
