Cell and Molecular Biology Exam 1
Questions with Accurate Answers
Which of the following would most likely happen to a cell in a hypotonic solution? -
ANSWERSnothing
What type of protein secondary structure is characterized as being highly extensible
because of its coiled structure? - ANSWERSalpha helix
Which amino acid is most likely to be found in the core of a protein? -
ANSWERSMethionine
Who is generally credited with the discovery of cells? - ANSWERSHooke
People who have the O blood type possess - ANSWERSNo enzymes capable of
attaching galactose or N-acetylgalactosamine to the end of the oligosaccharide chain on
RBC membrane glycolipids
From what is the lipid containing outer envelope surrounding the viral capsid of animal
viruses derived? - ANSWERSplasma membrane
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a known denaturant but not a reducing agent. A protein
sample is treated with SDS and is denatured. What is the effect of SDS on any disulfide
bridges that may be present in the protein? - ANSWERSThe disulfide bridges are not
broken because SDS does not affect the disulfide bridges
Enzymes work by - ANSWERSLowering the activation energy of a reaction and thus
speeding up the reaction
Which polysaccharide bond cannot be broken by mammalian enzymes that normally
digest polysaccharides - ANSWERSBeta (1-4) glycosidic linkages
Phospholipids and fatty acids, and their degree of saturation, have far reaching
implications for membrane transport and fluidity. Which of the following is a correct
statement? - ANSWERSA species in a cold environment will tend to have more double
bonds in the fatty acids of their phospholipids compared to a species in a warm
environment
Metabolic pathways that make available raw materials from which other molecules can
be synthesized and that provide chemical energy required for many cell activities are
known as - ANSWERScatabolism
, Where are hydrophobic interactions most likely to occur? - ANSWERSThe core of a
water soluble protein
You are conducting an experiment by trying to reproduce the work performed in 1891 by
Hans Driesch, a German embryologist. You are working with a fertilized sea urchin egg
and allow it to complete the first cell division after fertilization. You then carefully
separate the two cells of the embryo and allow their development to continue. Based on
Driesch's experiment, which result below would you expect to happen? -
ANSWERSBoth cells develop into complete and normal embryos that are somewhat
smaller
Lab results from a protein analysis reveal the protein's complete structure, and that it
catalyzes the breakdown of a larger substrate. Moreover, there are two binding sites
(one for the large substrate, and one for a small regulatory molecule). Which of the
following best describes the mechanism by which this protein works? - ANSWERSThe
protein is likely an enzyme that works through allosteric inhibition
The effect of a competitive inhibitor can be reversed by - ANSWERSincreasing
substrate concentration
The process by which a relatively unspecialized cell becomes highly specialized is
called - ANSWERSdifferentiation
Below are four sets of amino acids. All but one set of these amino acids are structurally
and physiologically similar. Identify the set of amino acids, which contains an amino acid
that is NOT structurally and physiologically similar to, the others in its set.
a. Serine, threonine, methionine
b. Arginine, asparagine, glutamine
c. Tyrosine, phenylalanine, histidine
d. Valine, alanine, leucine - ANSWERSa
The genetic material of a prokaryotic cell is present in a _______, a poorly demarcated
region of the cell that lacks a boundary membrane to separate it from the surrounding
cytoplasm. - ANSWERSnucleoid
The first culture of human cells was begun by George and Martha Gey of Johns
Hopkins University in 1951. The cells were obtained from a malignant tumor and named
___ cells after the donor, ____. - ANSWERSHeLa, Henrietta Lacks
Enzymes that move certain phospholipids between leaflets have also which of the
following properties? - ANSWERSPlay a role in establishing and maintaining membrane
lipid asymmetry
Questions with Accurate Answers
Which of the following would most likely happen to a cell in a hypotonic solution? -
ANSWERSnothing
What type of protein secondary structure is characterized as being highly extensible
because of its coiled structure? - ANSWERSalpha helix
Which amino acid is most likely to be found in the core of a protein? -
ANSWERSMethionine
Who is generally credited with the discovery of cells? - ANSWERSHooke
People who have the O blood type possess - ANSWERSNo enzymes capable of
attaching galactose or N-acetylgalactosamine to the end of the oligosaccharide chain on
RBC membrane glycolipids
From what is the lipid containing outer envelope surrounding the viral capsid of animal
viruses derived? - ANSWERSplasma membrane
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a known denaturant but not a reducing agent. A protein
sample is treated with SDS and is denatured. What is the effect of SDS on any disulfide
bridges that may be present in the protein? - ANSWERSThe disulfide bridges are not
broken because SDS does not affect the disulfide bridges
Enzymes work by - ANSWERSLowering the activation energy of a reaction and thus
speeding up the reaction
Which polysaccharide bond cannot be broken by mammalian enzymes that normally
digest polysaccharides - ANSWERSBeta (1-4) glycosidic linkages
Phospholipids and fatty acids, and their degree of saturation, have far reaching
implications for membrane transport and fluidity. Which of the following is a correct
statement? - ANSWERSA species in a cold environment will tend to have more double
bonds in the fatty acids of their phospholipids compared to a species in a warm
environment
Metabolic pathways that make available raw materials from which other molecules can
be synthesized and that provide chemical energy required for many cell activities are
known as - ANSWERScatabolism
, Where are hydrophobic interactions most likely to occur? - ANSWERSThe core of a
water soluble protein
You are conducting an experiment by trying to reproduce the work performed in 1891 by
Hans Driesch, a German embryologist. You are working with a fertilized sea urchin egg
and allow it to complete the first cell division after fertilization. You then carefully
separate the two cells of the embryo and allow their development to continue. Based on
Driesch's experiment, which result below would you expect to happen? -
ANSWERSBoth cells develop into complete and normal embryos that are somewhat
smaller
Lab results from a protein analysis reveal the protein's complete structure, and that it
catalyzes the breakdown of a larger substrate. Moreover, there are two binding sites
(one for the large substrate, and one for a small regulatory molecule). Which of the
following best describes the mechanism by which this protein works? - ANSWERSThe
protein is likely an enzyme that works through allosteric inhibition
The effect of a competitive inhibitor can be reversed by - ANSWERSincreasing
substrate concentration
The process by which a relatively unspecialized cell becomes highly specialized is
called - ANSWERSdifferentiation
Below are four sets of amino acids. All but one set of these amino acids are structurally
and physiologically similar. Identify the set of amino acids, which contains an amino acid
that is NOT structurally and physiologically similar to, the others in its set.
a. Serine, threonine, methionine
b. Arginine, asparagine, glutamine
c. Tyrosine, phenylalanine, histidine
d. Valine, alanine, leucine - ANSWERSa
The genetic material of a prokaryotic cell is present in a _______, a poorly demarcated
region of the cell that lacks a boundary membrane to separate it from the surrounding
cytoplasm. - ANSWERSnucleoid
The first culture of human cells was begun by George and Martha Gey of Johns
Hopkins University in 1951. The cells were obtained from a malignant tumor and named
___ cells after the donor, ____. - ANSWERSHeLa, Henrietta Lacks
Enzymes that move certain phospholipids between leaflets have also which of the
following properties? - ANSWERSPlay a role in establishing and maintaining membrane
lipid asymmetry
