EFMB UPDATED EXAMS STUDY GUIDE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔How long can whole blood collected in the anticoagulant CPD be stored? - ✔✔21
✔✔How long can whole blood collected in the anticoagulant CPDA-1 be stored? -
✔✔35
✔✔If stored at room temperature, fresh whole blood must be destroyed if not used
within what time period? - ✔✔24 hours
✔✔T/F: The most important safety consideration in transfusing whole blood is that
donor red blood cells be compatible with the recipient to avoid acute hemolytic
transfusion reactions. - ✔✔TRUE
✔✔How often SHOULD titer and transfusion transmitted disease retesting be
conducted? - ✔✔every 90 days
✔✔In order to mitigate the risk of transfusion-associated acute lung injury (TRALI), the
Armed Services Blood Program collects whole blood from everyone EXCEPT: - ✔✔-
pregnant female donors
- female donors testing negative for anti-HLA antibodies
,✔✔______ is the preferred resuscitation product for the pre-hospital treatment of
patients in hemorrhagic shock. - ✔✔LTOWB (low titer O WB)
✔✔Storage lesion describes the degradation of the RBC involving the loss of what? -
✔✔- membrane plasticity
- diphosphoglycerate
- adenosine triphosphate
- nitric oxide
- other factors leading to potentially reduced delivery of oxygen to tissues and
contribution to a variety of pathophysiologic processes.
✔✔T/F: Fresh whole blood (FWB) is FDA-approved and is intended or indicated for
routine use. - ✔✔FALSE
✔✔Fresh whole blood is to be used only when: - ✔✔- other blood products cannot be
delivered at an acceptable rate to sustain the resuscitation of an actively bleeding
patient
- specific stored products are not available (e.g., SWB, RBCs, FFP, PLTs, Cryo)
- stored components are not adequately resuscitating a patient with an immediately life-
threatening injury.
✔✔T/F: Fresh whole blood should routinely be collected from pre-screened donors as a
way to maintain a routine inventory of Walking Blood Bank - Stored Whole Blood
products. - ✔✔FALSE
✔✔In general, whole blood units should not be collected from donors more frequently
than every __ weeks. - ✔✔8
✔✔T/F: In situations where there are a limited number of donors and a dire need for
blood, no more than three units may be taken from a single donor. - ✔✔FALSE
✔✔Is there a known contraindication to using whole blood in pediatric casualties? -
✔✔No
✔✔A massive transfusion in children is defined as __ ml/kg. - ✔✔40
✔✔T/F: Infection Prevention in Combat-related Injuries standard precautions apply to all
patients, regardless of suspected or confirmed infectious status. - ✔✔TRUE
✔✔The World Health Organization's "five moments of hand hygiene" include: - ✔✔1.
use of soap and water or alcohol-based sanitizer before patient contact;
2. before aseptic tasks;
, 3. after body fluid exposure risk;
4. after patient contact; and
5. after contact with patient surroundings, even if gloves were worn.
✔✔What are Infection Prevention in Combat-related Injuries standard precautions? -
✔✔- hand washing
- gloves
- gowns
- masks
- goggles or face shields
✔✔T/F: When implementing infection prevention measures in a combat zone, cohorting
is the process of clustering host nation patients (who are not eligible to evacuate from
theater) and U.S. and coalition patients (who are eligible for evacuation from theater)
and separate when possible to reduce the risk of cross-contamination with multi-drug
resistant organisms. - ✔✔TRUE
✔✔____ and _____ should be worn with all patients suspected or known to have multi-
drug resistant organism colonization or infection with C. difficile- infection
(CDI). - ✔✔Gloves and gowns
✔✔Daily ______ of ICU patients has shown a reduction of infections with vancomycin-
resistant enterococci (VRE) and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). -
✔✔bathing
✔✔T/F: Antimicrobial drug usage has no impact on the development of
multidrugresistant organisms. - ✔✔FALSE
✔✔T/F: All facilities should avoid unnecessary empiric use of broad spectrum
antibiotics. - ✔✔TRUE
✔✔T/F: Prolonged duration of prophylaxis has been shown to decrease long term rates
of infections in patients with combat-related open fractures. - ✔✔FALSE
✔✔Blast injuries, especially those related to ______ , present a unique bloodborne
pathogen risk if an impaled body part is introduced into the trauma patient. - ✔✔suicide
bomber attacks
✔✔T/F: The risk of transmission for human immunodeficiency virus is considered very
high after blast injury and generally warrants immediate action regardless of the region
of operation. - ✔✔FALSE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔How long can whole blood collected in the anticoagulant CPD be stored? - ✔✔21
✔✔How long can whole blood collected in the anticoagulant CPDA-1 be stored? -
✔✔35
✔✔If stored at room temperature, fresh whole blood must be destroyed if not used
within what time period? - ✔✔24 hours
✔✔T/F: The most important safety consideration in transfusing whole blood is that
donor red blood cells be compatible with the recipient to avoid acute hemolytic
transfusion reactions. - ✔✔TRUE
✔✔How often SHOULD titer and transfusion transmitted disease retesting be
conducted? - ✔✔every 90 days
✔✔In order to mitigate the risk of transfusion-associated acute lung injury (TRALI), the
Armed Services Blood Program collects whole blood from everyone EXCEPT: - ✔✔-
pregnant female donors
- female donors testing negative for anti-HLA antibodies
,✔✔______ is the preferred resuscitation product for the pre-hospital treatment of
patients in hemorrhagic shock. - ✔✔LTOWB (low titer O WB)
✔✔Storage lesion describes the degradation of the RBC involving the loss of what? -
✔✔- membrane plasticity
- diphosphoglycerate
- adenosine triphosphate
- nitric oxide
- other factors leading to potentially reduced delivery of oxygen to tissues and
contribution to a variety of pathophysiologic processes.
✔✔T/F: Fresh whole blood (FWB) is FDA-approved and is intended or indicated for
routine use. - ✔✔FALSE
✔✔Fresh whole blood is to be used only when: - ✔✔- other blood products cannot be
delivered at an acceptable rate to sustain the resuscitation of an actively bleeding
patient
- specific stored products are not available (e.g., SWB, RBCs, FFP, PLTs, Cryo)
- stored components are not adequately resuscitating a patient with an immediately life-
threatening injury.
✔✔T/F: Fresh whole blood should routinely be collected from pre-screened donors as a
way to maintain a routine inventory of Walking Blood Bank - Stored Whole Blood
products. - ✔✔FALSE
✔✔In general, whole blood units should not be collected from donors more frequently
than every __ weeks. - ✔✔8
✔✔T/F: In situations where there are a limited number of donors and a dire need for
blood, no more than three units may be taken from a single donor. - ✔✔FALSE
✔✔Is there a known contraindication to using whole blood in pediatric casualties? -
✔✔No
✔✔A massive transfusion in children is defined as __ ml/kg. - ✔✔40
✔✔T/F: Infection Prevention in Combat-related Injuries standard precautions apply to all
patients, regardless of suspected or confirmed infectious status. - ✔✔TRUE
✔✔The World Health Organization's "five moments of hand hygiene" include: - ✔✔1.
use of soap and water or alcohol-based sanitizer before patient contact;
2. before aseptic tasks;
, 3. after body fluid exposure risk;
4. after patient contact; and
5. after contact with patient surroundings, even if gloves were worn.
✔✔What are Infection Prevention in Combat-related Injuries standard precautions? -
✔✔- hand washing
- gloves
- gowns
- masks
- goggles or face shields
✔✔T/F: When implementing infection prevention measures in a combat zone, cohorting
is the process of clustering host nation patients (who are not eligible to evacuate from
theater) and U.S. and coalition patients (who are eligible for evacuation from theater)
and separate when possible to reduce the risk of cross-contamination with multi-drug
resistant organisms. - ✔✔TRUE
✔✔____ and _____ should be worn with all patients suspected or known to have multi-
drug resistant organism colonization or infection with C. difficile- infection
(CDI). - ✔✔Gloves and gowns
✔✔Daily ______ of ICU patients has shown a reduction of infections with vancomycin-
resistant enterococci (VRE) and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). -
✔✔bathing
✔✔T/F: Antimicrobial drug usage has no impact on the development of
multidrugresistant organisms. - ✔✔FALSE
✔✔T/F: All facilities should avoid unnecessary empiric use of broad spectrum
antibiotics. - ✔✔TRUE
✔✔T/F: Prolonged duration of prophylaxis has been shown to decrease long term rates
of infections in patients with combat-related open fractures. - ✔✔FALSE
✔✔Blast injuries, especially those related to ______ , present a unique bloodborne
pathogen risk if an impaled body part is introduced into the trauma patient. - ✔✔suicide
bomber attacks
✔✔T/F: The risk of transmission for human immunodeficiency virus is considered very
high after blast injury and generally warrants immediate action regardless of the region
of operation. - ✔✔FALSE
