BIO 181 ASU CAPCO EXAM 1 FINAL
ASSESSMENT SCRIPT 2026 FULL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT RESPONSES
◉ polar covalent bond
Answer: a covalent bond in which electrons are not shared equally
- caused by differences in electronegativity among atoms
(ex. H2O)
◉ ionic bond
Answer: chemical bond resulting from the attraction b/n oppositely
charged ions
- extreme differences in electronegativity
(ex. NaCl -- Cl- takes extra electron from Na+)
◉ ions
Answer: positively/negatively charged atoms
(ex. H+)
◉ hydrogen bond
,Answer: chemical bond resulting from the interaction b/n a
Hydrogen atom (H+) w/ a slight positive charge & an electronegative
atom of another molecule
(ex. water)
◉ electronegativity
Answer: ability of atoms to attract electrons
- increases across a row in PT
- electrons held more tightly as # protons increase
◉ 3 unusual properties of water
Answer: 1. polar molecule --> good solvent
2. resistant to temperature change
3. forms hydrogen bonds
◉ how do hydrogen bonds contribute to the unique qualities of
water?
Answer: cohesion --> water molecules stick together (surface
tension)
- water movement in plants
- more hydrogen bonds in ice (less dense) than liquid water --> ice
floats (lakes freeze to protect fish, polar bears use ice as hunting
platforms)
, ◉ hydrophillic
Answer: "water-loving"
- positive & negative charge
- polar
◉ hydrophobic
Answer: "water-fearing"
- no positive & negative charge (neutral)
- nonpolar
◉ hydrophobic effect
Answer: exclusion of nonpolar molecules by polar molecules--
tendency of nonpolar molecules to self-associate in water rather
than dissolve individually
(ex. cell membranes, folding of proteins)
◉ 3 features of carbon that allow it to form diverse structures
Answer: - form 4 covalent bonds
- form a tetrahedron
- form double bonds
ASSESSMENT SCRIPT 2026 FULL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT RESPONSES
◉ polar covalent bond
Answer: a covalent bond in which electrons are not shared equally
- caused by differences in electronegativity among atoms
(ex. H2O)
◉ ionic bond
Answer: chemical bond resulting from the attraction b/n oppositely
charged ions
- extreme differences in electronegativity
(ex. NaCl -- Cl- takes extra electron from Na+)
◉ ions
Answer: positively/negatively charged atoms
(ex. H+)
◉ hydrogen bond
,Answer: chemical bond resulting from the interaction b/n a
Hydrogen atom (H+) w/ a slight positive charge & an electronegative
atom of another molecule
(ex. water)
◉ electronegativity
Answer: ability of atoms to attract electrons
- increases across a row in PT
- electrons held more tightly as # protons increase
◉ 3 unusual properties of water
Answer: 1. polar molecule --> good solvent
2. resistant to temperature change
3. forms hydrogen bonds
◉ how do hydrogen bonds contribute to the unique qualities of
water?
Answer: cohesion --> water molecules stick together (surface
tension)
- water movement in plants
- more hydrogen bonds in ice (less dense) than liquid water --> ice
floats (lakes freeze to protect fish, polar bears use ice as hunting
platforms)
, ◉ hydrophillic
Answer: "water-loving"
- positive & negative charge
- polar
◉ hydrophobic
Answer: "water-fearing"
- no positive & negative charge (neutral)
- nonpolar
◉ hydrophobic effect
Answer: exclusion of nonpolar molecules by polar molecules--
tendency of nonpolar molecules to self-associate in water rather
than dissolve individually
(ex. cell membranes, folding of proteins)
◉ 3 features of carbon that allow it to form diverse structures
Answer: - form 4 covalent bonds
- form a tetrahedron
- form double bonds
