How do we learn about ground shaking?
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- eyewitness
- measuring movement (Accelerograph = records the change in
acceleration of the ground, responds to much larger variations of motion
than seisomenter)
Describe how an earthquake is recorded and how to locate the epicentre.
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, Seismogram: a graph that plots ground motion in relation to time,
produced by a SEISMOMETER (pendulum seismometer)
Pendulum Seismometer: a heavy mass with a spring is attached to a pen,
and as the ground moves the paper moves but the mass remains constant
(new seismometers record velocity vs. time)
To locate an Epicentre: Set up 3 seismometers and see how often they
receive waves and calculate the distance and outline the circle where the
earthquake location could be -wherever the circles intersect is where the
epicentre is locate
Method: P-waves travel faster than S-waves, a bigger difference means the
location is farther apart
distance = (Time of S - Time of P)/((1/Velocity of S)-(1/Velocity of P))
-Accelerograph = records the change in acceleration of the ground,
responds to much larger variations of motion than seisomenter
Explain factors that determine earthquake intensity.
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1. Earthquake magnitude: cause them to be stronger, and more
catastrophic
2. Duration of Shaking: longer duration, causes more damage
3. Distance of Epicentre: closer to the epicentre, more intense
4. Ground Type: waves travel faster and are more intense in hard rock
What are the different types of forces that affect plates?
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compressional forces - those that cause squeezing (convergent)
tensional forces - those that cause a pulling apart of material (divergent)
shear forces- those that cause twisting or shearing (transform)
Describe the global distribution of earthquakes and how often quakes of various
magnitudes occur.
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- Global distribution: primarily at plate boundaries, with the largest
happening at collision zones (such as subduction zones)
- margin of Earth's tectonic plates
•Most earthquakes occur in specific areas, but there are a few single ones
that don't follow the pattern = earthquakes do not occur with equal
likelihood everywhere.
- largest EG's have all occurred on the edges where continents meet
oceans
Earthquakes of large magnitudes occur less frequently than smaller
magnitude earthquakes.
Where are EQ's the largest?
Give this one a try later!
- near/on subduction zones
Give this one a try later!
- eyewitness
- measuring movement (Accelerograph = records the change in
acceleration of the ground, responds to much larger variations of motion
than seisomenter)
Describe how an earthquake is recorded and how to locate the epicentre.
Give this one a try later!
, Seismogram: a graph that plots ground motion in relation to time,
produced by a SEISMOMETER (pendulum seismometer)
Pendulum Seismometer: a heavy mass with a spring is attached to a pen,
and as the ground moves the paper moves but the mass remains constant
(new seismometers record velocity vs. time)
To locate an Epicentre: Set up 3 seismometers and see how often they
receive waves and calculate the distance and outline the circle where the
earthquake location could be -wherever the circles intersect is where the
epicentre is locate
Method: P-waves travel faster than S-waves, a bigger difference means the
location is farther apart
distance = (Time of S - Time of P)/((1/Velocity of S)-(1/Velocity of P))
-Accelerograph = records the change in acceleration of the ground,
responds to much larger variations of motion than seisomenter
Explain factors that determine earthquake intensity.
Give this one a try later!
1. Earthquake magnitude: cause them to be stronger, and more
catastrophic
2. Duration of Shaking: longer duration, causes more damage
3. Distance of Epicentre: closer to the epicentre, more intense
4. Ground Type: waves travel faster and are more intense in hard rock
What are the different types of forces that affect plates?
, Give this one a try later!
compressional forces - those that cause squeezing (convergent)
tensional forces - those that cause a pulling apart of material (divergent)
shear forces- those that cause twisting or shearing (transform)
Describe the global distribution of earthquakes and how often quakes of various
magnitudes occur.
Give this one a try later!
- Global distribution: primarily at plate boundaries, with the largest
happening at collision zones (such as subduction zones)
- margin of Earth's tectonic plates
•Most earthquakes occur in specific areas, but there are a few single ones
that don't follow the pattern = earthquakes do not occur with equal
likelihood everywhere.
- largest EG's have all occurred on the edges where continents meet
oceans
Earthquakes of large magnitudes occur less frequently than smaller
magnitude earthquakes.
Where are EQ's the largest?
Give this one a try later!
- near/on subduction zones
