bio182 Exam | Verified Exam Questions and Answers | Latest Updated
Study Material 2026
Question:
1. how populations become well-suited to their envi- Natural selection explains
Answer:
ronments over time
Question:
2. Plant chloroplasts evolved by primary endosymbio- PRACTICE: The chloroplasts of kelps
3.
Answer:
sis, whereas kelp chloroplasts evolved by secondary are surrounded by four membranes, whereas the
chloroplasts of plants endosymbiosis. are surrounded by two. How does the endosymbiosis theory
account for this difference?
individuals of the same species that live in the same populations area at the same time
Question:
4. bacteria
Answer:
The endosymbiot theory propos- es that mitochondria evolved from
Question:
5. Yes, the engulfed bacterium benefited by receiving A mutualistic symbiotic relationship organic
nutrients and oxygen from the surrounding is one where two (or more) organ- isms benefit from a
relationship. Is
6.
7.
Answer:
host cell, and the host cell benefited by receiving ATP the origin of mitochondria by en- dosymbiosis an
example of a mutu- from the bacterium. alistic relationship?
True T or F- The fact that mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own DNA separate from the nuclei
of the cells they exist in is supporting evidence of the endosymbiosis theory.
False T or F- Secondary endosymbiosis led to chloroplasts surrounded by two membranes.
,Question:
8. True T or F- The fact that mitochondria can divide independently of their sur- rounding cell is
supporting evidence
9.
False branes around mitochondria is sup- porting evidence of the endosymbio-
10. Meiosis starts with a single diploid cell and produces
Answer:
of the endosymbiosis theory.
T or F- The presence of three mem-
sis theory.
4 haploid cells
Question:
11. genetically identical to the parent
12.
Answer:
in MITOSIS the daughter cells are
fuse, forming a diploid zygote.
cellsFertilization occurs when haploid
Question:
13. mitosis starts with one diploid cell and ends with
Answer:
2 diploid cells
Question:
14. 2 diploid cells
15.
16. single zygotes are always -celled.17.
Answer:
mitosis ends with
fertilization
shared, derived trait that distinguishes major Synapomorphy monophyletic groups
Question:
18. nuclear envelope What synapomorphy defines the Eu-
, Answer:
karya?
-All Eukarya-and only Eukarya-have a nucleus
bounded by a nuclear envelope. This synapomor-
phy likely arose in the common ancestor of eukary-
otes.
Question:
19. unikonts and bikonts.
ic split was between20. -explain WHAT we see now theory of evolution by natural selec-
Answer:
It is hypothesized that first eukaryot-
-help us PREDICT what might happen in the future tion can
Question:
21. pattern and process
22.
23. mechanisms that produce patterns we see process24.
Answer:
2 components of the scientific theory
statement about FACTS-how things are pattern
the organisms themselves and their properties - patterns are genes/genomes, anatomy, morphology,
diversity,
time of occurrence, biogeography, ecology . . .
(everything about organisms)
Question:
25. how change has occured over the course of years Processes
Answer:
-time frame
-natural selection
Question:
26. disease Evolution by natural selection can help us understand
27. Evolution by natural selection helps us understand disease by
other
-How ditterences among humans influence re-
sponse to treatment (personalized medicine)
-How cancer cells have changed from original cells
Study Material 2026
Question:
1. how populations become well-suited to their envi- Natural selection explains
Answer:
ronments over time
Question:
2. Plant chloroplasts evolved by primary endosymbio- PRACTICE: The chloroplasts of kelps
3.
Answer:
sis, whereas kelp chloroplasts evolved by secondary are surrounded by four membranes, whereas the
chloroplasts of plants endosymbiosis. are surrounded by two. How does the endosymbiosis theory
account for this difference?
individuals of the same species that live in the same populations area at the same time
Question:
4. bacteria
Answer:
The endosymbiot theory propos- es that mitochondria evolved from
Question:
5. Yes, the engulfed bacterium benefited by receiving A mutualistic symbiotic relationship organic
nutrients and oxygen from the surrounding is one where two (or more) organ- isms benefit from a
relationship. Is
6.
7.
Answer:
host cell, and the host cell benefited by receiving ATP the origin of mitochondria by en- dosymbiosis an
example of a mutu- from the bacterium. alistic relationship?
True T or F- The fact that mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own DNA separate from the nuclei
of the cells they exist in is supporting evidence of the endosymbiosis theory.
False T or F- Secondary endosymbiosis led to chloroplasts surrounded by two membranes.
,Question:
8. True T or F- The fact that mitochondria can divide independently of their sur- rounding cell is
supporting evidence
9.
False branes around mitochondria is sup- porting evidence of the endosymbio-
10. Meiosis starts with a single diploid cell and produces
Answer:
of the endosymbiosis theory.
T or F- The presence of three mem-
sis theory.
4 haploid cells
Question:
11. genetically identical to the parent
12.
Answer:
in MITOSIS the daughter cells are
fuse, forming a diploid zygote.
cellsFertilization occurs when haploid
Question:
13. mitosis starts with one diploid cell and ends with
Answer:
2 diploid cells
Question:
14. 2 diploid cells
15.
16. single zygotes are always -celled.17.
Answer:
mitosis ends with
fertilization
shared, derived trait that distinguishes major Synapomorphy monophyletic groups
Question:
18. nuclear envelope What synapomorphy defines the Eu-
, Answer:
karya?
-All Eukarya-and only Eukarya-have a nucleus
bounded by a nuclear envelope. This synapomor-
phy likely arose in the common ancestor of eukary-
otes.
Question:
19. unikonts and bikonts.
ic split was between20. -explain WHAT we see now theory of evolution by natural selec-
Answer:
It is hypothesized that first eukaryot-
-help us PREDICT what might happen in the future tion can
Question:
21. pattern and process
22.
23. mechanisms that produce patterns we see process24.
Answer:
2 components of the scientific theory
statement about FACTS-how things are pattern
the organisms themselves and their properties - patterns are genes/genomes, anatomy, morphology,
diversity,
time of occurrence, biogeography, ecology . . .
(everything about organisms)
Question:
25. how change has occured over the course of years Processes
Answer:
-time frame
-natural selection
Question:
26. disease Evolution by natural selection can help us understand
27. Evolution by natural selection helps us understand disease by
other
-How ditterences among humans influence re-
sponse to treatment (personalized medicine)
-How cancer cells have changed from original cells
