MCB 2004 EXAM 4 VERIFIED STUDY GUIDE
chemical control - Answers - the use of chemicals such as bleach in the control of
micro-bio growth
sterilization - Answers - any process that completely removes or destroys all viable
microorganisms, including viruses and endospores
sterilant - Answers - an agent used to destroy microorganisms; a disinfectant
disinfection - Answers - the destruction of pathogenic nonsporulating microbes of their
toxins, or inanimate surfaces
disinfectant - Answers - a chemical liquid that destroys bacteria
degerming - Answers - to physically reduce the microbial load from skin
sanitization - Answers - process of disinfecting surfaces and utensils used by the public,
to meet public health standards
antisepsis - Answers - chemical treatments to kill or inhibit the growth of all vegetative
microorganisms on body surfaces
decontamination - Answers - the removal or neutralization of a harmful agent from a site
aseptic - Answers - free from contamination caused by harmful bacteria, viruses, or
other microorganisms
biocide - Answers - a chemical that kills all organisms it contacts
germicide - Answers - an agent lethal to non-endospore forming pathogens
stasis - Answers - a state or rest or inactivity
static - Answers - a suffix meaning stasis
cidal - Answers - suffix indicating "killer" used in bact words, i.e. bactericidal
thermal death point - Answers - the lowest temperature that achieves sterilization in a
given quantity of broth cultures upon a 10 minute exposure
thermal death time - Answers - the least time required to kill a cells of a culture at a
specified temperature
moist heat - Answers - steam
, autoclave - Answers - a chamber that allows the use of steam under pressure to
sterilize materials
dry heat - Answers - use of heat without moisture to desiccate or incinerate non-
desirable organisms
flaming - Answers - process of heat sterilization by placing material directly in a fire to
capture sufficient heat that the material incinerates any contamination
pasteurization - Answers - heat treatment of perishable fluids to destroy heat-sensitive
vegetable cells, followed by rapid chilling to inhibit growth of survivors and germination
of spores
refrigeration - Answers -
desiccation - Answers - to dry thoroughly and preserve by drying
lyophilization - Answers - a method for preserving microorganisms and substances by
freezing and then drying them directly from the frozen state using vacuum
filtration - Answers - process of eliminating contaminants from liquid or gas by passing
through materials with a pore size that traps the contaminants
osmotic pressure - Answers - the minimum pressure which needs to be applied to a
solution to prevent the inward flow of its pure solvent across a semipermeable
membrane
radiation - Answers - electromagnetic waves or rays, such as those of light given off
from an energy source
ionizing - Answers - the aqueous dissociation of an electrolyte into ions
ultraviolet - Answers - radiation with an effective wavelength from 240 nm to 260 nm
microwaves - Answers - a form of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths ranging
from one meter to one millimeter; with frequencies between 300 MHz (100 cm) and 300
GHz (0.1 cm)
aqueous - Answers - solutions in which water is used as the solvent
tincture - Answers - a substance dissolved in an alcoholic solvent
ozone - Answers - the O3 form of oxygen that is highly reactive
chemical control - Answers - the use of chemicals such as bleach in the control of
micro-bio growth
sterilization - Answers - any process that completely removes or destroys all viable
microorganisms, including viruses and endospores
sterilant - Answers - an agent used to destroy microorganisms; a disinfectant
disinfection - Answers - the destruction of pathogenic nonsporulating microbes of their
toxins, or inanimate surfaces
disinfectant - Answers - a chemical liquid that destroys bacteria
degerming - Answers - to physically reduce the microbial load from skin
sanitization - Answers - process of disinfecting surfaces and utensils used by the public,
to meet public health standards
antisepsis - Answers - chemical treatments to kill or inhibit the growth of all vegetative
microorganisms on body surfaces
decontamination - Answers - the removal or neutralization of a harmful agent from a site
aseptic - Answers - free from contamination caused by harmful bacteria, viruses, or
other microorganisms
biocide - Answers - a chemical that kills all organisms it contacts
germicide - Answers - an agent lethal to non-endospore forming pathogens
stasis - Answers - a state or rest or inactivity
static - Answers - a suffix meaning stasis
cidal - Answers - suffix indicating "killer" used in bact words, i.e. bactericidal
thermal death point - Answers - the lowest temperature that achieves sterilization in a
given quantity of broth cultures upon a 10 minute exposure
thermal death time - Answers - the least time required to kill a cells of a culture at a
specified temperature
moist heat - Answers - steam
, autoclave - Answers - a chamber that allows the use of steam under pressure to
sterilize materials
dry heat - Answers - use of heat without moisture to desiccate or incinerate non-
desirable organisms
flaming - Answers - process of heat sterilization by placing material directly in a fire to
capture sufficient heat that the material incinerates any contamination
pasteurization - Answers - heat treatment of perishable fluids to destroy heat-sensitive
vegetable cells, followed by rapid chilling to inhibit growth of survivors and germination
of spores
refrigeration - Answers -
desiccation - Answers - to dry thoroughly and preserve by drying
lyophilization - Answers - a method for preserving microorganisms and substances by
freezing and then drying them directly from the frozen state using vacuum
filtration - Answers - process of eliminating contaminants from liquid or gas by passing
through materials with a pore size that traps the contaminants
osmotic pressure - Answers - the minimum pressure which needs to be applied to a
solution to prevent the inward flow of its pure solvent across a semipermeable
membrane
radiation - Answers - electromagnetic waves or rays, such as those of light given off
from an energy source
ionizing - Answers - the aqueous dissociation of an electrolyte into ions
ultraviolet - Answers - radiation with an effective wavelength from 240 nm to 260 nm
microwaves - Answers - a form of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths ranging
from one meter to one millimeter; with frequencies between 300 MHz (100 cm) and 300
GHz (0.1 cm)
aqueous - Answers - solutions in which water is used as the solvent
tincture - Answers - a substance dissolved in an alcoholic solvent
ozone - Answers - the O3 form of oxygen that is highly reactive
