BIOL 200 FINAL EXAM WITH
ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
dorsal - ANSWER-back
ventral - ANSWER-belly
Pattern of Organization - ANSWER-atom, molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system,
organism
epithelial tissue - ANSWER-A body tissue that covers the surfaces of the body, inside
and out
connective tissue - ANSWER-supports, binds, transports, immunity
muscle tissue - ANSWER-contraction, movement
nervous tissue - ANSWER-conducts electrical impulses
Asymmetry - ANSWER-no axis of orientation
radial symmetry - ANSWER-oral-aboral axis of orientation, (flowerpot)
briradial symmetry - ANSWER-circular
pentaradial symmetry - ANSWER-starfish
bilateral symmetry - ANSWER-different planes, transverse plane, median plane, frontal
plane. can be split into dorsal, posterior and anterior.
unicellular - ANSWER-single cell or cellular aggregates, not alot of cellular
specialization, protists
diploblastic organization - ANSWER-cells organized into rudimentary tissues, two
embryonic cell layers, ectoderm and endoderm and mesoglea
triploblastic organization - ANSWER-3 layers, ectoderm, endoderm, mesoderm. there is
a coelom, which is a body cavity surrounded by mesoderm, 3 different patterns-
acoelomte animals, pseudocoelomate animals, and coelomate animals.
,protostomes (triploblastic) - ANSWER-spiral cleavage, blastopores develop into mouth,
schizocoelous coelom, trochophore larva
Deuterostomes (triploblastic) - ANSWER-radial cleavage, blastopore develops into
anus, entercoelous coelom, no trochophore larva
Protist Evolution - ANSWER-all groups presented by cambrian period and are
polyphyletic
four supergroups contain animal like forms, some species are animal like and plant like.
animal like protist - ANSWER-unicellular, have a pellicle composed of microtubules.
asexual reproduction for protists - ANSWER-binary fission (can split in different ways)
schizogony (mitotic division)
budding (can come off of a cell, some generative atomical point of the parent)
sexual reproduction in protists - ANSWER-variation amoung taxa
gametes are produced by haploid individuals
mesiosis shortly after zygotic meiosis
sex unknown in some forms (Amoebozoa)
supergroup excavata - ANSWER-excavated groove on one side of the cell body for
feeding,
phytoflagated/ zooflagellated
modified mitochondria and are anaerobic (with oxygen)
can be pathogenic to humans
Giardia intestinalis (Excavata) - ANSWER-beaver fever, very common in water born
disease
infects small intestine- diarrhel disease
trichomonas vaginalis (excavata) - ANSWER-common STD, men are usually
asymptomatic
super group amoebozoa - ANSWER-feed and move using pseudopodia (a temporary
protrusion)
with and without supporting structures
tests, calcareous, proteinaceous, siliceous, chitinous, secreted matrix, uses
phagocytosis
acanthamoebida spp. Amoebozoa - ANSWER-Naegleria flowering- keratitis
acanthamoeba spp.- encephalitis
Entamoeba histolytica (Ameobozoa) - ANSWER-lacks mitochondria
amoebic dysentery
, super group rhizaria - ANSWER-amoeboid, but not sister group to amoebozoa
some have flipped filopodia or axopodia (little pieces that come off of the cell)
foraminifera (rhizaria) - ANSWER-marine
calacarous test
many in fossil record
limestone and chalk deposits
super group alveolata - ANSWER-highly variable
all have plastid (secondary or lost)
all have stacked vesicles (alveoli) below plasma membrane
dinoflagellates (alveolata) - ANSWER-marine bi-flagettes
blooms results in red tides
have 2 flagellas
ciliates (alveolata) - ANSWER-freshwater and marine
free living
cilia (locomotion and feeding)
fixed morphology
distinct cytosome
asexual reproduction by transverse fission and sexual reproduction by conjugation
dimorphic nuclei
apicomplexans (alveolata) - ANSWER-intracellular parasites (Plasmodium,
Cryptosporidum, Toxoplasma)
ring shapped apical complex
no cillia/flagella
metazoa - ANSWER-multicellular most likely monophyletic
common features of the metazoa - ANSWER-presence of mono-flagellated cells
mitotic aster apparatus
cell junctions
proteins associated in movement
Multicellarity - ANSWER-composed of cells that are connected, have specialized
fucntions and communicate and cooperate.
arose many times in eukaryotes
advantages in increased size
individual apoptosis- cell lives until it produces the right protien and then it will die.
Porifera characteristics - ANSWER-asymmetrical or radial symmetry
3 cell types- pinacocytes, choanocytes, and mesenchyme
body with central cavity or series of branching chambers
spicules
ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
dorsal - ANSWER-back
ventral - ANSWER-belly
Pattern of Organization - ANSWER-atom, molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system,
organism
epithelial tissue - ANSWER-A body tissue that covers the surfaces of the body, inside
and out
connective tissue - ANSWER-supports, binds, transports, immunity
muscle tissue - ANSWER-contraction, movement
nervous tissue - ANSWER-conducts electrical impulses
Asymmetry - ANSWER-no axis of orientation
radial symmetry - ANSWER-oral-aboral axis of orientation, (flowerpot)
briradial symmetry - ANSWER-circular
pentaradial symmetry - ANSWER-starfish
bilateral symmetry - ANSWER-different planes, transverse plane, median plane, frontal
plane. can be split into dorsal, posterior and anterior.
unicellular - ANSWER-single cell or cellular aggregates, not alot of cellular
specialization, protists
diploblastic organization - ANSWER-cells organized into rudimentary tissues, two
embryonic cell layers, ectoderm and endoderm and mesoglea
triploblastic organization - ANSWER-3 layers, ectoderm, endoderm, mesoderm. there is
a coelom, which is a body cavity surrounded by mesoderm, 3 different patterns-
acoelomte animals, pseudocoelomate animals, and coelomate animals.
,protostomes (triploblastic) - ANSWER-spiral cleavage, blastopores develop into mouth,
schizocoelous coelom, trochophore larva
Deuterostomes (triploblastic) - ANSWER-radial cleavage, blastopore develops into
anus, entercoelous coelom, no trochophore larva
Protist Evolution - ANSWER-all groups presented by cambrian period and are
polyphyletic
four supergroups contain animal like forms, some species are animal like and plant like.
animal like protist - ANSWER-unicellular, have a pellicle composed of microtubules.
asexual reproduction for protists - ANSWER-binary fission (can split in different ways)
schizogony (mitotic division)
budding (can come off of a cell, some generative atomical point of the parent)
sexual reproduction in protists - ANSWER-variation amoung taxa
gametes are produced by haploid individuals
mesiosis shortly after zygotic meiosis
sex unknown in some forms (Amoebozoa)
supergroup excavata - ANSWER-excavated groove on one side of the cell body for
feeding,
phytoflagated/ zooflagellated
modified mitochondria and are anaerobic (with oxygen)
can be pathogenic to humans
Giardia intestinalis (Excavata) - ANSWER-beaver fever, very common in water born
disease
infects small intestine- diarrhel disease
trichomonas vaginalis (excavata) - ANSWER-common STD, men are usually
asymptomatic
super group amoebozoa - ANSWER-feed and move using pseudopodia (a temporary
protrusion)
with and without supporting structures
tests, calcareous, proteinaceous, siliceous, chitinous, secreted matrix, uses
phagocytosis
acanthamoebida spp. Amoebozoa - ANSWER-Naegleria flowering- keratitis
acanthamoeba spp.- encephalitis
Entamoeba histolytica (Ameobozoa) - ANSWER-lacks mitochondria
amoebic dysentery
, super group rhizaria - ANSWER-amoeboid, but not sister group to amoebozoa
some have flipped filopodia or axopodia (little pieces that come off of the cell)
foraminifera (rhizaria) - ANSWER-marine
calacarous test
many in fossil record
limestone and chalk deposits
super group alveolata - ANSWER-highly variable
all have plastid (secondary or lost)
all have stacked vesicles (alveoli) below plasma membrane
dinoflagellates (alveolata) - ANSWER-marine bi-flagettes
blooms results in red tides
have 2 flagellas
ciliates (alveolata) - ANSWER-freshwater and marine
free living
cilia (locomotion and feeding)
fixed morphology
distinct cytosome
asexual reproduction by transverse fission and sexual reproduction by conjugation
dimorphic nuclei
apicomplexans (alveolata) - ANSWER-intracellular parasites (Plasmodium,
Cryptosporidum, Toxoplasma)
ring shapped apical complex
no cillia/flagella
metazoa - ANSWER-multicellular most likely monophyletic
common features of the metazoa - ANSWER-presence of mono-flagellated cells
mitotic aster apparatus
cell junctions
proteins associated in movement
Multicellarity - ANSWER-composed of cells that are connected, have specialized
fucntions and communicate and cooperate.
arose many times in eukaryotes
advantages in increased size
individual apoptosis- cell lives until it produces the right protien and then it will die.
Porifera characteristics - ANSWER-asymmetrical or radial symmetry
3 cell types- pinacocytes, choanocytes, and mesenchyme
body with central cavity or series of branching chambers
spicules
