BIO 200 FINAL EXAM WITH
ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
How many genes are estimated to be in the human genome? - ANSWER-21,000
Three genotypes for a given locus in a population occur with the following frequencies:
f(AA) = 0.55; f(Aa) = 0.30; f(aa) = 0.15. What is p, the frequency of A? - ANSWER-0.70
Hybrid breakdown is.. - ANSWER-a postzygotic barrier, when a hybrid's offspring
cannot survive
The shells of two species of snails (Genus Bradybaena) spiral in opposite directions
(one clockwise, the other counterclockwise), with the result that the genital openings of
the two species do not align and they therefore cannot interbreed. They therefore
provide an example of: - ANSWER-mechanical isolation
How many base pairs are in the human genome? - ANSWER-3 billion
Field guides for identification stress anatomical features (size, color patterns, etc.) that
distinguish one species from another. This distinctness illustrates the ______ species
concept. - ANSWER-morphological
When building recombinant DNA by inserting genes into plasmids _____ are critical for
cutting DNA into pieces - ANSWER-restriction enzymes
The three basic phases of the PCR process include: - ANSWER-denaturation,
annealing, extension
An earthquake decimates a ground-squirrel population, randomly killing 98% of the
squirrels. The surviving population happens to have broader stripes, on average, than
the initial population. If the broadness of stripes is genetically determined, the squirrel
population has experienced: - ANSWER-A genetic bottleneck
Simple sequence DNA - ANSWER-occurs frequently in centromeres and telomeres
Three populations of crickets look very similar, but the males have courtship songs that
sound different. What function would this difference in song likely serve if the
populations came in contact? - ANSWER-a behavioral reproductive isolating
mechanism
, What is the only mechanism that consistently causes adaptive evolution? - ANSWER-
natural selection
The Galapagos Finches are a moderately large group of closely related birds that have
speciated on the Galapagos Islands and have adapted to a wide variety of feeding
niches in a geologically short time. This illustrates the phenomenon of - ANSWER-
adaptive radiation
The biological species concept is very useful for defining what makes a species, except
when: - ANSWER-One is studying fossils
Most Swiss starlings produce 4-5 eggs in each clutch. Starlings producing fewer or
more than this have reduced fitness. Which of the following terms best describes this
situation? - ANSWER-stabilizing selection
ddNTPS are used during the Sanger method of genetic sequencing to: - ANSWER-
create DNA pieces of different length
Retrotransposons use ____ during the transposition process. - ANSWER-reverse
transcriptase
The genome includes - ANSWER-all the DNA in an organism
In hybrid zones where reinforcement is occurring, we should see a decline in ________.
- ANSWER-gene flow between distinct gene pools
A farmer uses triazine herbicide to control pigweed in his field. For the first few years,
the triazine works well and almost all the pigweed dies; but after several years, the
farmer sees more and more pigweed. Which of these explanations best explains what
happened? - ANSWER-triazine-resistant weeds were more likely to survive and
reproduce, and thus pass on more copies of the genes for resistance
The "rise" of mammals (i.e. a drastic increase in mammal diversity) occurred: -
ANSWER-65 million years ago
The main idea of Punctuated Equilibrium was that evolutionary change: - ANSWER-
goes through long periods of no change followed by short periods of rapid change
Having a longer mating call means a wood frog is easier for predators to find. Why
would a female wood frog select a male with a long mating call? - ANSWER-it means
he has good genes and is healthy if he can spend energy on mating calls and avoid
predators
Some British snails, are highly polymorphic (i.e. come in different forms with different
appearances). Predators such as birds tend to specialize in hunting the most common
ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
How many genes are estimated to be in the human genome? - ANSWER-21,000
Three genotypes for a given locus in a population occur with the following frequencies:
f(AA) = 0.55; f(Aa) = 0.30; f(aa) = 0.15. What is p, the frequency of A? - ANSWER-0.70
Hybrid breakdown is.. - ANSWER-a postzygotic barrier, when a hybrid's offspring
cannot survive
The shells of two species of snails (Genus Bradybaena) spiral in opposite directions
(one clockwise, the other counterclockwise), with the result that the genital openings of
the two species do not align and they therefore cannot interbreed. They therefore
provide an example of: - ANSWER-mechanical isolation
How many base pairs are in the human genome? - ANSWER-3 billion
Field guides for identification stress anatomical features (size, color patterns, etc.) that
distinguish one species from another. This distinctness illustrates the ______ species
concept. - ANSWER-morphological
When building recombinant DNA by inserting genes into plasmids _____ are critical for
cutting DNA into pieces - ANSWER-restriction enzymes
The three basic phases of the PCR process include: - ANSWER-denaturation,
annealing, extension
An earthquake decimates a ground-squirrel population, randomly killing 98% of the
squirrels. The surviving population happens to have broader stripes, on average, than
the initial population. If the broadness of stripes is genetically determined, the squirrel
population has experienced: - ANSWER-A genetic bottleneck
Simple sequence DNA - ANSWER-occurs frequently in centromeres and telomeres
Three populations of crickets look very similar, but the males have courtship songs that
sound different. What function would this difference in song likely serve if the
populations came in contact? - ANSWER-a behavioral reproductive isolating
mechanism
, What is the only mechanism that consistently causes adaptive evolution? - ANSWER-
natural selection
The Galapagos Finches are a moderately large group of closely related birds that have
speciated on the Galapagos Islands and have adapted to a wide variety of feeding
niches in a geologically short time. This illustrates the phenomenon of - ANSWER-
adaptive radiation
The biological species concept is very useful for defining what makes a species, except
when: - ANSWER-One is studying fossils
Most Swiss starlings produce 4-5 eggs in each clutch. Starlings producing fewer or
more than this have reduced fitness. Which of the following terms best describes this
situation? - ANSWER-stabilizing selection
ddNTPS are used during the Sanger method of genetic sequencing to: - ANSWER-
create DNA pieces of different length
Retrotransposons use ____ during the transposition process. - ANSWER-reverse
transcriptase
The genome includes - ANSWER-all the DNA in an organism
In hybrid zones where reinforcement is occurring, we should see a decline in ________.
- ANSWER-gene flow between distinct gene pools
A farmer uses triazine herbicide to control pigweed in his field. For the first few years,
the triazine works well and almost all the pigweed dies; but after several years, the
farmer sees more and more pigweed. Which of these explanations best explains what
happened? - ANSWER-triazine-resistant weeds were more likely to survive and
reproduce, and thus pass on more copies of the genes for resistance
The "rise" of mammals (i.e. a drastic increase in mammal diversity) occurred: -
ANSWER-65 million years ago
The main idea of Punctuated Equilibrium was that evolutionary change: - ANSWER-
goes through long periods of no change followed by short periods of rapid change
Having a longer mating call means a wood frog is easier for predators to find. Why
would a female wood frog select a male with a long mating call? - ANSWER-it means
he has good genes and is healthy if he can spend energy on mating calls and avoid
predators
Some British snails, are highly polymorphic (i.e. come in different forms with different
appearances). Predators such as birds tend to specialize in hunting the most common
