Gestational Hypertension, Preeclampsia, Eclampsia
Exam Questions With Correct Answers
Gestational hypertension - ANSWER -most common medical complication
-can lead to stillbirth, neonatal morbidity, and mortality
Neonates are at risk for:
-placental insufficiency (late decelerations with no variability)
-abruptio placenta
-IUGR (small for gestational age, look like a little old person)
Maternal risk factors:
-eclampsia that occurs before 28 weeks
- maternal age older than 25 years old
-multigravida
-chronic or renal hypertension
-can happen alongside an hydatidform mole
Hypertension: - ANSWER -BP greater than 140/90
-systolic 30 above baseline
-diastolic 15 above baseline
-first trimester reading serves as a baseline
--must be present on 2 occasions at least 4 hours apart
-only one pressure (systolic or diastolic) must be elevated to meet the definition
Classifications of hypertension: - ANSWER gestational hypertension
-after 20 weeks with no problems with blood pressure in past
-no proteinuria
-high chance to get preeclampsia
preeclampsia
-proteinuria present
-BP elevated after 20 weeks or in postpartum
-renal insufficiency
-visual or cerebral disturbances
, -pulmonary embolism
eclampsia
-seizure or coma
-can happen after delivery
chronic hypertension
-present before pregnancy
preeclampsia superimposed on chronic hypertension
-had chronic hypertension and developed preeclampsia
Plan of care for chronic hypertension: - ANSWER -screen before conception or
first prenatal visit
medication:
-Aldomet (methylodopa)
-close monitoring for pulmonary edema
-heart failure
-renal failure
-okay with breastfeeding
lifestyle change:
-may limit sodium
-exercise limited
-no smoking
-no alcohol
-decreased caffeine
-teach to monitor BP/urine
Preeclampsia: - ANSWER -development of hypertension and proteinuria after 20
weeks gestation
If NO proteinuria, these symptoms can occur to be preeclamptic:
-thrombocytopenia
-renal insufficiency
-impaired liver function
-pulmonary edema
-cerebral or vision problems
-pregnancy specific syndrome
-can occur in healthy nulliparous (first pregnancy) women
-if it happens before 20 weeks, more dangerous (viability is decreased)
etiology:
-unknown
-abnormal trophoblast invasion
Exam Questions With Correct Answers
Gestational hypertension - ANSWER -most common medical complication
-can lead to stillbirth, neonatal morbidity, and mortality
Neonates are at risk for:
-placental insufficiency (late decelerations with no variability)
-abruptio placenta
-IUGR (small for gestational age, look like a little old person)
Maternal risk factors:
-eclampsia that occurs before 28 weeks
- maternal age older than 25 years old
-multigravida
-chronic or renal hypertension
-can happen alongside an hydatidform mole
Hypertension: - ANSWER -BP greater than 140/90
-systolic 30 above baseline
-diastolic 15 above baseline
-first trimester reading serves as a baseline
--must be present on 2 occasions at least 4 hours apart
-only one pressure (systolic or diastolic) must be elevated to meet the definition
Classifications of hypertension: - ANSWER gestational hypertension
-after 20 weeks with no problems with blood pressure in past
-no proteinuria
-high chance to get preeclampsia
preeclampsia
-proteinuria present
-BP elevated after 20 weeks or in postpartum
-renal insufficiency
-visual or cerebral disturbances
, -pulmonary embolism
eclampsia
-seizure or coma
-can happen after delivery
chronic hypertension
-present before pregnancy
preeclampsia superimposed on chronic hypertension
-had chronic hypertension and developed preeclampsia
Plan of care for chronic hypertension: - ANSWER -screen before conception or
first prenatal visit
medication:
-Aldomet (methylodopa)
-close monitoring for pulmonary edema
-heart failure
-renal failure
-okay with breastfeeding
lifestyle change:
-may limit sodium
-exercise limited
-no smoking
-no alcohol
-decreased caffeine
-teach to monitor BP/urine
Preeclampsia: - ANSWER -development of hypertension and proteinuria after 20
weeks gestation
If NO proteinuria, these symptoms can occur to be preeclamptic:
-thrombocytopenia
-renal insufficiency
-impaired liver function
-pulmonary edema
-cerebral or vision problems
-pregnancy specific syndrome
-can occur in healthy nulliparous (first pregnancy) women
-if it happens before 20 weeks, more dangerous (viability is decreased)
etiology:
-unknown
-abnormal trophoblast invasion
