PSYC 2070 EXAM 1 KNAPP UPDATED
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE
●● Physical development
Answer: changes in the brain, nervous system, muscles; need for
food/drink/sleep
●● Cognitive development
Answer: changes in learning, memory, problem-solving, & intelligence
●● Personality development
Answer: changes in enduring characteristics that make us different from
others
●● Social development
Answer: changes in how we interact with others
●● Social constructions
Answer: shared social/cultural perception
●● Arnett's Emerging Adulthood
,Answer: traditional milestones: completing school, leaving home,
financial independence, marriage, having a child
●● Cohort
Answer: people born within the same historical period who therefore
move through life together, experiencing the same events, new
technologies, and cultural shifts at the same ages
●● History-graded influences
Answer: brought about by a particular historical time/event (wars,
famines, pandemics, terrorist attacks)
●● Age-graded influences
Answer: biological/environmental influences similar for everyone at
about the same point in development (walking, talking, etc.)
●● Sociocultural-graded influences
Answer: dependent on factors such as race, socioeconomic status, etc.
●● Non-normative influences
Answer: experiences not shared by most other people (loss of parent in
childhood, other tragedies)
●● Continuous change
, Answer: gradual development; new skills build on those that came
before
●● Discontinuous change
Answer: development occurs in distinct stages
●● Critical period
Answer: point in development where an event or lack or an event will
have large consequences
●● Sensitive period
Answer: point in development where individuals are particularly
sensitive to certain types of stimuli (bonding, language development)
●● Nature
Answer: influence of genetics & biology
●● Maturation
Answer: development that reflects the gradual unfolding of one's genetic
blueprint
●● Nurture
Answer: influence of environment on development
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE
●● Physical development
Answer: changes in the brain, nervous system, muscles; need for
food/drink/sleep
●● Cognitive development
Answer: changes in learning, memory, problem-solving, & intelligence
●● Personality development
Answer: changes in enduring characteristics that make us different from
others
●● Social development
Answer: changes in how we interact with others
●● Social constructions
Answer: shared social/cultural perception
●● Arnett's Emerging Adulthood
,Answer: traditional milestones: completing school, leaving home,
financial independence, marriage, having a child
●● Cohort
Answer: people born within the same historical period who therefore
move through life together, experiencing the same events, new
technologies, and cultural shifts at the same ages
●● History-graded influences
Answer: brought about by a particular historical time/event (wars,
famines, pandemics, terrorist attacks)
●● Age-graded influences
Answer: biological/environmental influences similar for everyone at
about the same point in development (walking, talking, etc.)
●● Sociocultural-graded influences
Answer: dependent on factors such as race, socioeconomic status, etc.
●● Non-normative influences
Answer: experiences not shared by most other people (loss of parent in
childhood, other tragedies)
●● Continuous change
, Answer: gradual development; new skills build on those that came
before
●● Discontinuous change
Answer: development occurs in distinct stages
●● Critical period
Answer: point in development where an event or lack or an event will
have large consequences
●● Sensitive period
Answer: point in development where individuals are particularly
sensitive to certain types of stimuli (bonding, language development)
●● Nature
Answer: influence of genetics & biology
●● Maturation
Answer: development that reflects the gradual unfolding of one's genetic
blueprint
●● Nurture
Answer: influence of environment on development
