,BIOD 121 Module 1 Exam | Essentials in
Nutrition | Portage Learning | Q & A 2026
Edition
1. Which of the following best defines nutrition?
A) The study of how the body stores excess calories
B) The science that links foods to health and disease
C) The process of digesting and absorbing food
D) The study of food production and safety
Correct Answer: The science that links foods to health and disease
Rationale: Nutrition is defined as the science that links foods to health and disease, encompassing the
processes of ingestion, digestion, absorption, transport, and excretion of nutrients. It is not limited to
digestion, calorie storage, or food production alone.
2. During which period of life is nutrition considered important?
A) Only during childhood and adolescence
B) Only during pregnancy and infancy
C) From conception to death
D) Only during adulthood and old age
Correct Answer: From conception to death
Rationale: Nutrition is essential throughout the entire lifespan, from conception to death. It impacts
growth, development, maintenance, and prevention of disease at every stage of life.
3. Which of the following is NOT one of the five dimensions of health?
A) Physical health
,B) Intellectual health
C) Financial health
D) Spiritual health
Correct Answer: Financial health
Rationale: The five dimensions of health evaluated in nutrition are physical, intellectual, emotional,
social, and spiritual health. Financial health is not among these dimensions.
4. What is the term for the cognitive ability to learn and adapt?
A) Physical health
B) Emotional health
C) Intellectual health
D) Social health
Correct Answer: Intellectual health
Rationale: Intellectual health is defined as the cognitive ability to learn and adapt. It can be impaired by
a lack of certain nutrients.
5. Which dimension of health refers to the ability to express or suppress emotions?
A) Physical health
B) Emotional health
C) Social health
D) Spiritual health
Correct Answer: Emotional health
Rationale: Emotional health is the ability to express or suppress emotions. It is one of the five key
dimensions used to evaluate overall health.
, 6. What is the primary difference between food and nutrients?
A) Food is essential for life, while nutrients are optional
B) Food provides energy in calories, while nutrients provide materials for building and regulating the
body
C) Food is only found in animal products, while nutrients are found in plants
D) There is no difference; the terms are interchangeable
Correct Answer: Food provides energy in calories, while nutrients provide materials for building and
regulating the body
Rationale: Food provides energy in the form of calories, while nutrients are substances found in food
that provide materials for building and maintaining the body and regulating metabolic processes.
7. A researcher is studying the substances in food that provide building materials for the body and
regulate metabolic processes. These substances are known as:
A) Calories
B) Nutrients
C) Hormones
D) Enzymes
Correct Answer: Nutrients
Rationale: Nutrients are substances found in food that provide materials for building and maintaining
the body and regulating key metabolic processes. Calories are a measure of energy, while hormones and
enzymes are regulatory substances produced by the body.
8. What two motives drive people to eat certain foods, apart from nutritional value?
A) Cost and availability
B) Taste and texture
C) Health benefits and convenience
Nutrition | Portage Learning | Q & A 2026
Edition
1. Which of the following best defines nutrition?
A) The study of how the body stores excess calories
B) The science that links foods to health and disease
C) The process of digesting and absorbing food
D) The study of food production and safety
Correct Answer: The science that links foods to health and disease
Rationale: Nutrition is defined as the science that links foods to health and disease, encompassing the
processes of ingestion, digestion, absorption, transport, and excretion of nutrients. It is not limited to
digestion, calorie storage, or food production alone.
2. During which period of life is nutrition considered important?
A) Only during childhood and adolescence
B) Only during pregnancy and infancy
C) From conception to death
D) Only during adulthood and old age
Correct Answer: From conception to death
Rationale: Nutrition is essential throughout the entire lifespan, from conception to death. It impacts
growth, development, maintenance, and prevention of disease at every stage of life.
3. Which of the following is NOT one of the five dimensions of health?
A) Physical health
,B) Intellectual health
C) Financial health
D) Spiritual health
Correct Answer: Financial health
Rationale: The five dimensions of health evaluated in nutrition are physical, intellectual, emotional,
social, and spiritual health. Financial health is not among these dimensions.
4. What is the term for the cognitive ability to learn and adapt?
A) Physical health
B) Emotional health
C) Intellectual health
D) Social health
Correct Answer: Intellectual health
Rationale: Intellectual health is defined as the cognitive ability to learn and adapt. It can be impaired by
a lack of certain nutrients.
5. Which dimension of health refers to the ability to express or suppress emotions?
A) Physical health
B) Emotional health
C) Social health
D) Spiritual health
Correct Answer: Emotional health
Rationale: Emotional health is the ability to express or suppress emotions. It is one of the five key
dimensions used to evaluate overall health.
, 6. What is the primary difference between food and nutrients?
A) Food is essential for life, while nutrients are optional
B) Food provides energy in calories, while nutrients provide materials for building and regulating the
body
C) Food is only found in animal products, while nutrients are found in plants
D) There is no difference; the terms are interchangeable
Correct Answer: Food provides energy in calories, while nutrients provide materials for building and
regulating the body
Rationale: Food provides energy in the form of calories, while nutrients are substances found in food
that provide materials for building and maintaining the body and regulating metabolic processes.
7. A researcher is studying the substances in food that provide building materials for the body and
regulate metabolic processes. These substances are known as:
A) Calories
B) Nutrients
C) Hormones
D) Enzymes
Correct Answer: Nutrients
Rationale: Nutrients are substances found in food that provide materials for building and maintaining
the body and regulating key metabolic processes. Calories are a measure of energy, while hormones and
enzymes are regulatory substances produced by the body.
8. What two motives drive people to eat certain foods, apart from nutritional value?
A) Cost and availability
B) Taste and texture
C) Health benefits and convenience
