EFMB FINAL EXAM CORRECT QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔If the i-STAT analyzer and simulator have been stored separately in areas wherethe
ambient temperature differs by more than ___°C (___°F), allow the simulator
andanalyzer to stand in the same place for 30 minutes before inserting the simulator
intothe analyzer. - ✔✔3 Celsius, 5 Fahrenheit
✔✔Liquid controls used in a cartridge that measures oxygen concentration must standat
room temperature for a minimum of __ hours before use; controls for other analytesonly
need to equilibrate at room temperature for ___ minutes. - ✔✔4 hours, 30 minutes
✔✔How frequently are CLEW software updates on the i-STAT device are mandated? -
✔✔Twice a year
✔✔A provider of prolonged field care must first and foremost be an expert
in_____________. - ✔✔TCCC
✔✔Burns covering greater than ____ of the total body surface area (TBSA), or those
withsmoke inhalation injury (and airway or breathing problems), are life threatening. -
✔✔20%
✔✔T/F: Hypothermia risk is high in burn patients. Anticipate that all burn casualties
willbecome hypothermic and take immediate measures to prevent it by covering
patient.Aggressively rewarm if temperature falls below 36°C (96.8°F). - ✔✔True
✔✔All patients with burns covering greater than ____ total body surface area
(TBSA)should be intubated because total-body swelling will tend to obstruct the airway.
- ✔✔40%
,✔✔What is the MINIMUM recommendation regarding airway management
whenproviding prolonged field care for a burn patient? - ✔✔Cricothyroidotomy,
ketamine, ambu bag with positive-end-expiratory pressure
(PEEP)
✔✔Monitoring _______ is an important capability for all intubated patients. A
rising_______ could indicate clogging of endotracheal tube or poor ventilation from
anothercause (e.g.,bronchospasm, tight eschar across chest). - ✔✔end-tidal CO2, end-
tidal CO2
✔✔T/F: For large wounds, calculate the size of the wound by using the patient's
handsize (including fingers) to represent a 1% TBSA. - ✔✔False
✔✔Sunburns are an example of ________ degree burns. - ✔✔First degree burns
✔✔Over the first 24-48 hours post burn, __________ is lost into the burned
andunburned tissues, causing hypovolemic shock (when burn size is >20%). -
✔✔plasma
✔✔T/F: Plain water is ineffective for shock resuscitation and can cause hyponatremia. -
✔✔True
✔✔______________is the main indicator of resuscitation adequacy in burn shock. -
✔✔Urine Output
✔✔For prolonged care of burn patients, a(n) __________ infusion may provide
moreconsistent analgesia and help conserve supplies of analgesic medications. -
✔✔ketamine
✔✔When providing wound care for a burn patient, you can use ________ nylondressing
as an alternative to topical antimicrobial cream. - ✔✔silver
✔✔T/F: When performing an escharotomy incision on a burn patient, you must not
carrythe incision across any of the involved joints. - ✔✔False
✔✔_________ and Exercise are included in the "best", "better", and "minimum"
carerecommendations when treating a patient with an extremity burn. - ✔✔Elevate
✔✔The ultimate mechanism of cold injury involves these combination of factors: -
✔✔involves a combination of direct cold injury to the cells, direct intracellular and
inter cellular ice formation, ischemia from thrombosis of the vasculature, and
reperfusion injury
, ✔✔T/F: Increased rates of frostbite occur at extreme high altitude secondary to
ambienttemperature increases and microcirculatory changes that occur at altitudes less
than17,000 ft. - ✔✔False, greater than 17,000 ft
✔✔T/F: All patients with identified cold injury should be considered trauma patients
firstto identify other life threatening injuries. - ✔✔True
✔✔What must be established prior to making the diagnosis of cold injury? - ✔✔the
circumstances which led to prolonged environmental cold exposure
✔✔A patient is experiencing a superficial skin injury; pain on re-warming,
numbness,hyperemia, occasional blue mottling, swelling and superficial desquamation.
Classifythe degree of cold injury the patient is suffering from. - ✔✔First Degree
✔✔A patient is experiencing a partial thickness skin injury; vesiculation of the
skinsurrounded by erythema and edema, swelling and superficial desquamation,
numbness,and hyperemia. Classify the degree of cold injury the patient is suffering
from. - ✔✔Second Degree
✔✔A patient is experiencing entire thickness of skin extending into the
subcutaneoustissue; bluish to black and non-deformable skin, hemorrhagic blisters,
vesicles notpresent, and ulcerations. Classify the degree of cold injury the patient is
suffering from. - ✔✔Third Degree
✔✔A patient is experiencing full thickness damage to the skin and bone; area cold
totouch and feels stiff. Classify the degree of cold injury the patient is suffering from. -
✔✔Fourth Degree
✔✔T/F: For the sake of caution in the field, the recommendation is to treat all acute
coldinjuries presentations of cold injury as frostnip. - ✔✔False, first degree (superficial)
frostbite
✔✔__________ is a syndrome related to prolonged exposure to moisture causing
waterlogging of the feet. - ✔✔Immersion Foot/Trench Foot
✔✔What is the BEST treatment when attempting to re-warm a patient with frostbite? -
✔✔Rapid active re-warming done in 104-108 degrees Fahrenheit (40-42 degrees
celsius)
✔✔During the re-warming process for frostbite, which medication should be
utilizedliberally for pain management? - ✔✔Narcotic and non-steroidal medications,
including Ibuprofen/
Aspirin and/or Ketamine
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔If the i-STAT analyzer and simulator have been stored separately in areas wherethe
ambient temperature differs by more than ___°C (___°F), allow the simulator
andanalyzer to stand in the same place for 30 minutes before inserting the simulator
intothe analyzer. - ✔✔3 Celsius, 5 Fahrenheit
✔✔Liquid controls used in a cartridge that measures oxygen concentration must standat
room temperature for a minimum of __ hours before use; controls for other analytesonly
need to equilibrate at room temperature for ___ minutes. - ✔✔4 hours, 30 minutes
✔✔How frequently are CLEW software updates on the i-STAT device are mandated? -
✔✔Twice a year
✔✔A provider of prolonged field care must first and foremost be an expert
in_____________. - ✔✔TCCC
✔✔Burns covering greater than ____ of the total body surface area (TBSA), or those
withsmoke inhalation injury (and airway or breathing problems), are life threatening. -
✔✔20%
✔✔T/F: Hypothermia risk is high in burn patients. Anticipate that all burn casualties
willbecome hypothermic and take immediate measures to prevent it by covering
patient.Aggressively rewarm if temperature falls below 36°C (96.8°F). - ✔✔True
✔✔All patients with burns covering greater than ____ total body surface area
(TBSA)should be intubated because total-body swelling will tend to obstruct the airway.
- ✔✔40%
,✔✔What is the MINIMUM recommendation regarding airway management
whenproviding prolonged field care for a burn patient? - ✔✔Cricothyroidotomy,
ketamine, ambu bag with positive-end-expiratory pressure
(PEEP)
✔✔Monitoring _______ is an important capability for all intubated patients. A
rising_______ could indicate clogging of endotracheal tube or poor ventilation from
anothercause (e.g.,bronchospasm, tight eschar across chest). - ✔✔end-tidal CO2, end-
tidal CO2
✔✔T/F: For large wounds, calculate the size of the wound by using the patient's
handsize (including fingers) to represent a 1% TBSA. - ✔✔False
✔✔Sunburns are an example of ________ degree burns. - ✔✔First degree burns
✔✔Over the first 24-48 hours post burn, __________ is lost into the burned
andunburned tissues, causing hypovolemic shock (when burn size is >20%). -
✔✔plasma
✔✔T/F: Plain water is ineffective for shock resuscitation and can cause hyponatremia. -
✔✔True
✔✔______________is the main indicator of resuscitation adequacy in burn shock. -
✔✔Urine Output
✔✔For prolonged care of burn patients, a(n) __________ infusion may provide
moreconsistent analgesia and help conserve supplies of analgesic medications. -
✔✔ketamine
✔✔When providing wound care for a burn patient, you can use ________ nylondressing
as an alternative to topical antimicrobial cream. - ✔✔silver
✔✔T/F: When performing an escharotomy incision on a burn patient, you must not
carrythe incision across any of the involved joints. - ✔✔False
✔✔_________ and Exercise are included in the "best", "better", and "minimum"
carerecommendations when treating a patient with an extremity burn. - ✔✔Elevate
✔✔The ultimate mechanism of cold injury involves these combination of factors: -
✔✔involves a combination of direct cold injury to the cells, direct intracellular and
inter cellular ice formation, ischemia from thrombosis of the vasculature, and
reperfusion injury
, ✔✔T/F: Increased rates of frostbite occur at extreme high altitude secondary to
ambienttemperature increases and microcirculatory changes that occur at altitudes less
than17,000 ft. - ✔✔False, greater than 17,000 ft
✔✔T/F: All patients with identified cold injury should be considered trauma patients
firstto identify other life threatening injuries. - ✔✔True
✔✔What must be established prior to making the diagnosis of cold injury? - ✔✔the
circumstances which led to prolonged environmental cold exposure
✔✔A patient is experiencing a superficial skin injury; pain on re-warming,
numbness,hyperemia, occasional blue mottling, swelling and superficial desquamation.
Classifythe degree of cold injury the patient is suffering from. - ✔✔First Degree
✔✔A patient is experiencing a partial thickness skin injury; vesiculation of the
skinsurrounded by erythema and edema, swelling and superficial desquamation,
numbness,and hyperemia. Classify the degree of cold injury the patient is suffering
from. - ✔✔Second Degree
✔✔A patient is experiencing entire thickness of skin extending into the
subcutaneoustissue; bluish to black and non-deformable skin, hemorrhagic blisters,
vesicles notpresent, and ulcerations. Classify the degree of cold injury the patient is
suffering from. - ✔✔Third Degree
✔✔A patient is experiencing full thickness damage to the skin and bone; area cold
totouch and feels stiff. Classify the degree of cold injury the patient is suffering from. -
✔✔Fourth Degree
✔✔T/F: For the sake of caution in the field, the recommendation is to treat all acute
coldinjuries presentations of cold injury as frostnip. - ✔✔False, first degree (superficial)
frostbite
✔✔__________ is a syndrome related to prolonged exposure to moisture causing
waterlogging of the feet. - ✔✔Immersion Foot/Trench Foot
✔✔What is the BEST treatment when attempting to re-warm a patient with frostbite? -
✔✔Rapid active re-warming done in 104-108 degrees Fahrenheit (40-42 degrees
celsius)
✔✔During the re-warming process for frostbite, which medication should be
utilizedliberally for pain management? - ✔✔Narcotic and non-steroidal medications,
including Ibuprofen/
Aspirin and/or Ketamine
