D515 EN Lecture 10: Endocrine Pharmacology II with
complete solutions.
unit of thyroid gland
follicles
What is stored in central space of follicles of thyroid gland?
thyroglobulin - protein precursor to two iodine-containing hormones T3 (triiodothyroxine)
and T4 (Thyroxine)
amount of T4 secretion compared to T3 secretion
-T4 is secreted in much larger amount than T3
-tissues like liver and kidneys must convert to T3 for activity
effects of thyroid hormones
impact most tissues and help control regulation of metabolic rate, growth, and brain development
and function
What thyroid condition might be indicated in a patient with new cavities, periodontal
disease, and increased blood pressure after epinephrine administration?
The patient likely has hyperthyroidism, which increases sensitivity to epinephrine.
Hyperthyroid patients are also prone to an increased incidence of cavities and periodontal
disease. Care should be taken when using epinephrine-containing anesthetics due to potential
cardiovascular responses.
What is Grave's disease?
, -immune disorder resulting in overproduction of thyroid hormones
-hypermetabolism, fatigue, tremors, heat intolerance, increased sweating, weight loss,
increased appetite, tachycardia, and exophthalmos
-most common in women in 30-40
-increase in T4 and T3 levels
toxic nodular goiter
-hyperthyroidism
-insidious onset
-exhibit signs and symptoms to lesser extent
-may progress to thyroid storm when thyroid releases so much thyroid hormone that it can
become life-threatening
treatments for hyperthyroidism
-antithyroid drugs - propylthiouracil, methimazole
-thyroidectomy or radioactive iodine then thyroid hormone replacement (bc now
hypothyroidism)
intraoral findings associated with hyperthyroidism (thyrotoxicosis)
-osteoporosis of alveolar bone (bc sped up metabolism)
-increased dental caries and periodontal disease
-highly sensitive to epinephrine
complete solutions.
unit of thyroid gland
follicles
What is stored in central space of follicles of thyroid gland?
thyroglobulin - protein precursor to two iodine-containing hormones T3 (triiodothyroxine)
and T4 (Thyroxine)
amount of T4 secretion compared to T3 secretion
-T4 is secreted in much larger amount than T3
-tissues like liver and kidneys must convert to T3 for activity
effects of thyroid hormones
impact most tissues and help control regulation of metabolic rate, growth, and brain development
and function
What thyroid condition might be indicated in a patient with new cavities, periodontal
disease, and increased blood pressure after epinephrine administration?
The patient likely has hyperthyroidism, which increases sensitivity to epinephrine.
Hyperthyroid patients are also prone to an increased incidence of cavities and periodontal
disease. Care should be taken when using epinephrine-containing anesthetics due to potential
cardiovascular responses.
What is Grave's disease?
, -immune disorder resulting in overproduction of thyroid hormones
-hypermetabolism, fatigue, tremors, heat intolerance, increased sweating, weight loss,
increased appetite, tachycardia, and exophthalmos
-most common in women in 30-40
-increase in T4 and T3 levels
toxic nodular goiter
-hyperthyroidism
-insidious onset
-exhibit signs and symptoms to lesser extent
-may progress to thyroid storm when thyroid releases so much thyroid hormone that it can
become life-threatening
treatments for hyperthyroidism
-antithyroid drugs - propylthiouracil, methimazole
-thyroidectomy or radioactive iodine then thyroid hormone replacement (bc now
hypothyroidism)
intraoral findings associated with hyperthyroidism (thyrotoxicosis)
-osteoporosis of alveolar bone (bc sped up metabolism)
-increased dental caries and periodontal disease
-highly sensitive to epinephrine
