(FINAL EXAM) EMERGENCY NURSING QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

(FINAL EXAM) EMERGENCY
NURSING
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Patients in emergency nursing - ANSWERS-Life-threatening
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Potentially life-threatening 5f 5f


Urgent problems enter hospital through emergency department (ED)
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Annual visits to ED 5f 5f 5f


- how many visit ED annually
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- # increasing why (6) - ANSWERS-Over 136 million people visit EDs annually.
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This number is increasing bc
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(1) the inability to see a primary care provider
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(2) an aging population
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(3) shorter hospital stays resulting in frequent readmissions
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(4) acute mental health crises
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(5) ED closures
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(6) lack of or inadequate health insurance or a primary care provider
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Triage
- means
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- process of
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- represents
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- does what to patients - ANSWERS-"To sort"
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Process of rapidly determining patient acuity 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f




Represents a critical assessment skill 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f




Categorizes patients so most critical are treated first 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f




After initial focused assessment to determine actual or potential threats to life...
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- what kind of approach
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- what is used for all trauma patients
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- what is used for nontrauma patients - ANSWERS-
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...proceed with more detailed assessment 5f 5f 5f 5f




systematic approach to this assessment decreases the time needed to identify poten
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tial threats to life and limits the risk of overlooking a life-threatening condition.
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A primary and secondary survey is the approach used for all trauma patients.
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For nontrauma patients, the primary survey is followed by a focused assessment
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Primary Survey: ABCDEFGH - ANSWERS-Alertness and airway
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Breathing

, Circulation (becomes #1 if there is uncontrolled hemorrage) 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f


Disability
Exposure and environmental control 5f 5f 5f


Facilitate adjuncts and family 5f 5f 5f


Get resuscitation adjuncts
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History and head-to-toe assessment 5f 5f 5f




If uncontrolled external hemorrhage is noted - ANSWERS-
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usual ABC assessment format may be reprioritized to <C>ABC for hemorrhage contr
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ol. 5f




The <C> stands for catastrophic hemorrhage and, if present, needs to be controlled f
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irst. 5f




Apply direct pressure with a sterile dressing followed by a pressure dressing to any o
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bvious bleeding sites. 5f 5f




Primary survey 5f 5f


- aim5f


- If life-threatening conditions related to ABCs are identified during primary survey -
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ANSWERS-primary survey aims to identify life-
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threatening conditions so that appropriate interventions can be started.
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interventions are started immediately and before proceeding to the next step of surve
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y

Primary Survey: Alertness and airway (1) 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f


- what is alertness level important for
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- AVPU - ANSWERS-
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alertness level of the patient can be an important factor for selecting appropriate airw
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ay interventions.
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Determine LOC by assessing the patient's response to verbal and/or painful stimuli.
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AVPU
A=alert
V=responsive to voice 5f 5f


P=responsive to pain 5f 5f


U=unresponsive

Airway obstruction 5f


- cause of what
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- what can obstruct the airway (8) - ANSWERS-
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Cause of nearly all immediate trauma deaths
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Saliva, bloody secretions, vomitus, laryngeal trauma, dentures, facial trauma, fractur
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es, and the tongue can obstruct the airway
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Patients at risk for airway compromise (5) - ANSWERS-Seizures
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Drowned