GCU BIO-201 EXAM 2 PRACTICE QUESTIONS COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS

GCU BIO-201 EXAM 2 PRACTICE QUESTIONS COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS Question 1 What are the 5 layers of the skin from deep to superficial? A) Stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale B) Stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum C) Stratum spinosum, stratum basale, stratum granulosum, stratum corneum, stratum lucidum D) Stratum granulosum, stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum Correct Answer: B Rationale: The layers from deep to superficial are: Stratum basale (deepest), stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum (only in thick skin), and stratum corneum (most superficial). ________________________________________ Question 2 What is the primary cause of osteoporosis? A) Excess vitamin D B) Deficiency of calcium C) Overproduction of osteoblasts D) Excessive exercise Correct Answer: B Rationale: Osteoporosis is primarily caused by calcium deficiency, leading to decreased bone density and increased fracture risk. ________________________________________ Question 3 Which hormone is released when calcium levels are too high? A) Parathyroid hormone B) Calcitriol C) Calcitonin D) Growth hormone Correct Answer: C Rationale: Calcitonin is released when calcium levels are too high. Think "can tone it down" - it lowers blood calcium levels by inhibiting osteoclast activity. ________________________________________ Question 4 What hormone(s) is/are released when calcium levels are too low? A) Calcitonin only B) Parathyroid hormone only C) Parathyroid hormone and Calcitriol D) Insulin and Glucagon Correct Answer: C Rationale: Both parathyroid hormone and calcitriol are released when calcium levels are too low to increase blood calcium levels. ________________________________________ Question 5 What is the difference between appositional growth and epiphyseal growth? A) Appositional grows in length, Epiphyseal grows in width B) Appositional grows in width, Epiphyseal grows in length C) Both grow in length D) Both grow in width Correct Answer: B Rationale: Appositional growth increases bone width, while epiphyseal growth increases bone length. ________________________________________ Question 6 What do ligaments do? A) Attach bone to muscle B) Attach bone to bone C) Attach muscle to muscle D) Attach tendons to bones Correct Answer: B Rationale: Ligaments connect bone to bone, providing stability to joints. ________________________________________ Question 7 What do tendons do? A) Attach bone to bone B) Attach muscle to muscle C) Attach bone to muscle D) Attach skin to bone Correct Answer: C Rationale: Tendons attach bone to muscle, enabling movement when muscles contract. ________________________________________ Question 8 What is bone formation called? A) Osteolysis B) Osteogenesis C) Ossification D) Both B and C Correct Answer: D Rationale: Bone formation is called both osteogenesis and ossification. ________________________________________ Question 9 What happens when bone growth stops? A) The diaphysis continues to grow B) The epiphyseal plate ossifies C) Osteoclast activity increases D) The periosteum thickens Correct Answer: B Rationale: When growing stops, the epiphyseal plate ossifies (hardens) into the epiphyseal line. ________________________________________ Question 10 What is ossification? A) Softening of bone B) Hardening of bone C) Breaking down of bone D) Formation of cartilage Correct Answer: B Rationale: Ossification is the hardening process of bone tissue. ________________________________________ Question 11 The metatarsophalangeal joint is associated with what type of small bone? A) Irregular bone B) Flat bone C) Sesamoid bone D) Long bone