Galen A&P 1 Theory Exam 2 | Complete Study Guide, Practice Questions & Anatomy and Physiology Exam Prep

Galen A&P 1
Theory Exam 2

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, Cells -Smallest functioning units of life
-Variety of shapes and sizes



Cytology Study of cells




Plasma membrane -ALL have cell membrane
-Seperates the inside of the cell from the outside



Cell (plasma) membrane is made up of -Lipids
-Proteins
-Carbohydrates


What do lipids (Cholesterol) do? -Major component to the plasma membrane
-Adds stiffness to the membrane



Types of proteins found in cell membrane Transmembrane proteins
--Channel Proteins
--Carrier Proteins


What do carbs do in the cell membrane? Functions as lubricants, adhesives, receptors, and "self" recognitionGlycoproteins




Glycoproteins -Membrane carbohydrates that are covalently bonded to proteins.
-CHO-Proteins



Glycolipids -Membrane carbohydrates that are covalently bonded to lipids.
-CHO-Lipids



Cytoplasm Material between the cell (plasma) membrane and the membrane surrounding the
nucleus



Cytoplasm contains Cytosol and organelles




Types of organelles Membranous
--Isolated from the cytosol
Non-Membranous
--Not isolated from the cytosol


Cytoskeleton A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep its shape, and
aids in movement



Microfiliments and microtubules support the cytoplasm and help move substances and organelles within the
cytoplasm



intermediate filaments Threadlike proteins in the cell's cytoskeleton that are roughly twice as thick as
microfilaments