MVU NURS 629 EXAMS 4 CORE CORRECT
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Oral Rehydration Therapy - ✔✔Effective for all dehydration types; early use
prevents dehydration; inexpensive; safe; small frequent sips; intravenous fluids if
needed
✔✔Pyloric Stenosis Definition - ✔✔Hypertrophy of pyloric muscle causing gastric outlet
obstruction
✔✔Pyloric Stenosis Symptoms - ✔✔Projectile vomiting at 2 to 3 weeks; early non
projectile vomiting; ravenous hunger; weight loss; dehydration; constipation; electrolyte
abnormalities
✔✔Pyloric Stenosis Exam - ✔✔Olive shaped mass in epigastric area hallmark; visible
reverse peristalsis; nonbilious vomiting possibly with blood
✔✔Pyloric Stenosis Diagnosis - ✔✔Ultrasound; upper gastrointestinal series showing
string sign
✔✔Pyloric Stenosis Treatment - ✔✔Surgical pyloromyotomy; vomiting may persist after
surgery
✔✔Hirschsprung Disease Definition - ✔✔Absence of ganglion cells causing lack of
peristalsis and megacolon
✔✔Hirschsprung Red Flag - ✔✔Failure to pass meconium within 24 to 48 hours after
birth
✔✔Hirschsprung Symptoms Infants - ✔✔Failure to thrive; constipation; abdominal
distention; vomiting; episodic diarrhea
, ✔✔Hirschsprung Symptoms Older Children - ✔✔Chronic constipation; foul smelling
stool; distention; palpable fecal mass; malnutrition; anemia
✔✔Hirschsprung Diagnosis - ✔✔Contrast enema; anorectal manometry; suction rectal
biopsy
✔✔Hirschsprung Treatment - ✔✔Surgical resection of affected bowel
✔✔Crohn Disease Definition - ✔✔Chronic inflammatory condition affecting entire
gastrointestinal tract from mouth to anus
✔✔Crohn Key Findings - ✔✔Fever; weight loss; delayed growth; joint pain; diarrhea;
oral ulcers; perianal fistulas or skin tags hallmark
✔✔Crohn Diagnostics - ✔✔Inflammatory markers ESR and CRP; complete blood count;
stool studies; colonoscopy and upper endoscopy
✔✔Crohn Treatment - ✔✔Corticosteroids; aminosalicylates; immunomodulators;
biologics; monitor for complications
✔✔Acute Diarrhea Causes - ✔✔Usually viral such as rotavirus or adenovirus;
sometimes bacterial
✔✔Diarrhea Red Flags - ✔✔Duration longer than 72 hours; blood in stool requires
evaluation
✔✔Diarrhea Symptoms - ✔✔Watery stools; abdominal cramping; thirst; decreased
urination; fatigue; dizziness
✔✔Diarrhea Treatment - ✔✔Hydration; maintain nutrition; cautious antibiotic use; treat
complications
✔✔Failure to Thrive Definition - ✔✔Inadequate weight gain for age
✔✔Failure to Thrive Causes - ✔✔Inadequate intake; poor absorption; increased
metabolic demand
✔✔Hydrocele Definition - ✔✔Collection of fluid in scrotal sac causing painless swelling
✔✔Hydrocele Types - ✔✔Noncommunicating fluid limited to scrotum; communicating
fluid moves between abdomen and scrotum
✔✔Hydrocele Exam - ✔✔Transillumination; asymmetry; swelling varies with activity
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Oral Rehydration Therapy - ✔✔Effective for all dehydration types; early use
prevents dehydration; inexpensive; safe; small frequent sips; intravenous fluids if
needed
✔✔Pyloric Stenosis Definition - ✔✔Hypertrophy of pyloric muscle causing gastric outlet
obstruction
✔✔Pyloric Stenosis Symptoms - ✔✔Projectile vomiting at 2 to 3 weeks; early non
projectile vomiting; ravenous hunger; weight loss; dehydration; constipation; electrolyte
abnormalities
✔✔Pyloric Stenosis Exam - ✔✔Olive shaped mass in epigastric area hallmark; visible
reverse peristalsis; nonbilious vomiting possibly with blood
✔✔Pyloric Stenosis Diagnosis - ✔✔Ultrasound; upper gastrointestinal series showing
string sign
✔✔Pyloric Stenosis Treatment - ✔✔Surgical pyloromyotomy; vomiting may persist after
surgery
✔✔Hirschsprung Disease Definition - ✔✔Absence of ganglion cells causing lack of
peristalsis and megacolon
✔✔Hirschsprung Red Flag - ✔✔Failure to pass meconium within 24 to 48 hours after
birth
✔✔Hirschsprung Symptoms Infants - ✔✔Failure to thrive; constipation; abdominal
distention; vomiting; episodic diarrhea
, ✔✔Hirschsprung Symptoms Older Children - ✔✔Chronic constipation; foul smelling
stool; distention; palpable fecal mass; malnutrition; anemia
✔✔Hirschsprung Diagnosis - ✔✔Contrast enema; anorectal manometry; suction rectal
biopsy
✔✔Hirschsprung Treatment - ✔✔Surgical resection of affected bowel
✔✔Crohn Disease Definition - ✔✔Chronic inflammatory condition affecting entire
gastrointestinal tract from mouth to anus
✔✔Crohn Key Findings - ✔✔Fever; weight loss; delayed growth; joint pain; diarrhea;
oral ulcers; perianal fistulas or skin tags hallmark
✔✔Crohn Diagnostics - ✔✔Inflammatory markers ESR and CRP; complete blood count;
stool studies; colonoscopy and upper endoscopy
✔✔Crohn Treatment - ✔✔Corticosteroids; aminosalicylates; immunomodulators;
biologics; monitor for complications
✔✔Acute Diarrhea Causes - ✔✔Usually viral such as rotavirus or adenovirus;
sometimes bacterial
✔✔Diarrhea Red Flags - ✔✔Duration longer than 72 hours; blood in stool requires
evaluation
✔✔Diarrhea Symptoms - ✔✔Watery stools; abdominal cramping; thirst; decreased
urination; fatigue; dizziness
✔✔Diarrhea Treatment - ✔✔Hydration; maintain nutrition; cautious antibiotic use; treat
complications
✔✔Failure to Thrive Definition - ✔✔Inadequate weight gain for age
✔✔Failure to Thrive Causes - ✔✔Inadequate intake; poor absorption; increased
metabolic demand
✔✔Hydrocele Definition - ✔✔Collection of fluid in scrotal sac causing painless swelling
✔✔Hydrocele Types - ✔✔Noncommunicating fluid limited to scrotum; communicating
fluid moves between abdomen and scrotum
✔✔Hydrocele Exam - ✔✔Transillumination; asymmetry; swelling varies with activity
