WGU D027 Study Guide 2026/2027 version with correct
solutions
Klinefelter Syndrome (XXY)- correct answer>>>male has extra X, female like qualities
Turner Syndrome- correct answer>>>Missing X in females
Alpha Thalassemia- correct answer>>>inherited blood disorder; mild to severe anemia
Beta Thallasemia- correct answer>>>low hemoglobin; contraindicated medication
ferrous sulfate
Prevalence Risk- correct answer>>>proportion of the population affected at a certain
time
Incidence rate- correct answer>>>number of new cases divided by population
Innate immunity- correct answer>>>inflammation; increased vascular permeability
B&T lymphocytes- correct answer>>>immune response
primary malignant tumor- correct answer>>>lack of organization of cells
glucocorticoids- correct answer>>>used in combination with other agent to treat
lymphoid tissue (leukemia). glucocorticoids are directly toxic to lymphoid tissues.
Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERM)- correct answer>>>for hormone
receptor positive and advanced breast cancer. (Tamoxifin reduces risk and recurrence
risk)
Heart failure- correct answer>>>impairment of the ventricle to fill with or eject blood;
heart cannot meet metabolic need of the body.
CHF- correct answer>>>heart cannot keep up with metabolic needs; volume overload in
pulmonary area
Left Ventricular Dysfunction- correct answer>>>reduced ejection fraction; ventricle
having issue ejecting blood.
normal ejection fraction- correct answer>>>55 - 60 % (blood pumped out with each
heartbeat)
Ejection fraction of 50% - reduced or preserved?- correct answer>>>preserved
Diastolic CHF- correct answer>>>preserved ejection fraction, problem is with filling
, Systolic CHF- correct answer>>>reduced ejection fraction, problem is with ejecting
Left sided CHF- correct answer>>>pulmonary (JVD, fluid volume overload, rails, S-3
murmurs) ** #1 cause of Right sided CHF
BNP- correct answer>>>gold standard lab test to diagnose CHF
Echocardiogram- correct answer>>>Diagnostic tool, evaluates heart structure and
function
At Risk for HF - Stage A- correct answer>>>no structural heart disease or symptoms of
heart failure
Autosomal Dominant- correct answer>>>1 parent has, 50% change of child having
Autosomal Recessive- correct answer>>>Both parents are carriers, 25% change of
child having, 50% chance child is a carrier.
Cystic Fibrosis- correct answer>>>affects pancreas causing secretions in lungs
21st Trisomy- correct answer>>>Down Syndrome
Stage A HF co-morbidities- correct answer>>>htn, atherosclerotic disease, diabetes,
metabolic syndrome, patients using cardiotoxins with family history
Therapy goals of stage A HF- correct answer>>>treat htn, encourage smoking
cessation, encourage regular exercise, treat lipid disorders, discourage alcohol
intake/drug use, control metabolic syndrome
Meds: ACEI or Angiotensin II RB for vascular disease or diabetes (avapro, losartan,
benicar, diovan, etc)
At Risk for HF - Stage B- correct answer>>>structural heart disease but no symptoms of
heart failure
Stage B HF co-morbidities- correct answer>>>previous MI, LV remodeling with LV
hypertrophy and low EF, asymptomatic valvular disease
Therapy goals of Stage B HF- correct answer>>>Meds: ACEI or ARB, Beta-blockers,
inplantable defibrillators
Stage C heart failure- correct answer>>>structural heart disease with prior or current
symptoms of HF
Presentation of Stage C HF- correct answer>>>known structural heart disease and
shortness of breath and fatigue, reduced exercise tolerance
solutions
Klinefelter Syndrome (XXY)- correct answer>>>male has extra X, female like qualities
Turner Syndrome- correct answer>>>Missing X in females
Alpha Thalassemia- correct answer>>>inherited blood disorder; mild to severe anemia
Beta Thallasemia- correct answer>>>low hemoglobin; contraindicated medication
ferrous sulfate
Prevalence Risk- correct answer>>>proportion of the population affected at a certain
time
Incidence rate- correct answer>>>number of new cases divided by population
Innate immunity- correct answer>>>inflammation; increased vascular permeability
B&T lymphocytes- correct answer>>>immune response
primary malignant tumor- correct answer>>>lack of organization of cells
glucocorticoids- correct answer>>>used in combination with other agent to treat
lymphoid tissue (leukemia). glucocorticoids are directly toxic to lymphoid tissues.
Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERM)- correct answer>>>for hormone
receptor positive and advanced breast cancer. (Tamoxifin reduces risk and recurrence
risk)
Heart failure- correct answer>>>impairment of the ventricle to fill with or eject blood;
heart cannot meet metabolic need of the body.
CHF- correct answer>>>heart cannot keep up with metabolic needs; volume overload in
pulmonary area
Left Ventricular Dysfunction- correct answer>>>reduced ejection fraction; ventricle
having issue ejecting blood.
normal ejection fraction- correct answer>>>55 - 60 % (blood pumped out with each
heartbeat)
Ejection fraction of 50% - reduced or preserved?- correct answer>>>preserved
Diastolic CHF- correct answer>>>preserved ejection fraction, problem is with filling
, Systolic CHF- correct answer>>>reduced ejection fraction, problem is with ejecting
Left sided CHF- correct answer>>>pulmonary (JVD, fluid volume overload, rails, S-3
murmurs) ** #1 cause of Right sided CHF
BNP- correct answer>>>gold standard lab test to diagnose CHF
Echocardiogram- correct answer>>>Diagnostic tool, evaluates heart structure and
function
At Risk for HF - Stage A- correct answer>>>no structural heart disease or symptoms of
heart failure
Autosomal Dominant- correct answer>>>1 parent has, 50% change of child having
Autosomal Recessive- correct answer>>>Both parents are carriers, 25% change of
child having, 50% chance child is a carrier.
Cystic Fibrosis- correct answer>>>affects pancreas causing secretions in lungs
21st Trisomy- correct answer>>>Down Syndrome
Stage A HF co-morbidities- correct answer>>>htn, atherosclerotic disease, diabetes,
metabolic syndrome, patients using cardiotoxins with family history
Therapy goals of stage A HF- correct answer>>>treat htn, encourage smoking
cessation, encourage regular exercise, treat lipid disorders, discourage alcohol
intake/drug use, control metabolic syndrome
Meds: ACEI or Angiotensin II RB for vascular disease or diabetes (avapro, losartan,
benicar, diovan, etc)
At Risk for HF - Stage B- correct answer>>>structural heart disease but no symptoms of
heart failure
Stage B HF co-morbidities- correct answer>>>previous MI, LV remodeling with LV
hypertrophy and low EF, asymptomatic valvular disease
Therapy goals of Stage B HF- correct answer>>>Meds: ACEI or ARB, Beta-blockers,
inplantable defibrillators
Stage C heart failure- correct answer>>>structural heart disease with prior or current
symptoms of HF
Presentation of Stage C HF- correct answer>>>known structural heart disease and
shortness of breath and fatigue, reduced exercise tolerance
