NSG 504 Exam 1 with answers

NSG 504 Exam 1 with answers
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Meiosis is the process of division in which the number of
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chromosomes per cell is _______ - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔halved |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




True or false: each cell contains half genetic material of parent cell
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- CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔true
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When fertilization occurs the new cell contains ___ chromosomes
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from sperm and ____ chromosomes from ovum resulting in _____
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chromosomes called a _______ cell - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔23, 23, |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



46, diploid
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What are the estrogen and progesterone levels during early,
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middle, and late menstrual cycle and the cervical mucosa
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characteristics? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔early: low estrogen, low |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



progesterone, mucous thickens - sperm cannot pass
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middle: high estrogen, high progesterone, mucous thin - sperm
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can readily pass
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late: estrogen and progesterone levels decline, mucous thick -
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hard for sperm to pass
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How long is the ovum viable for once it is released from the
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Fallopian tube? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔24 hours
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,How long is sperm viable for once it is deposited into the vagina?
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- CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔48 hours to 72 hours
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What is capacitation? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔The breakdown of
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the sperm cell's acrosome
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What is acrosomal reaction? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔when the
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sperm comes into contact with corona radiata of the oocyte and
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causes release of enzymes allowing sperm to penetrate corona
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radiata


What is the zona reaction? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔penetration
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of the zona pellucida around the oocyte by the sperm which
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makes zona pellucida impermeable to other sperm
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What are the stages of fetal development? - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔pre-embryonic, embryonic, fetal |\ |\




What is the time frame for the pre-embryonic period? - CORRECT
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ANSWERS ✔✔fertilization ----> week 3 |\ |\ |\ |\




What is the time frame for the embryonic period? - CORRECT
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ANSWERS ✔✔week4 --> week 8 |\ |\ |\ |\

,What is the time frame for the fetal period? - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔weeks 9 ---> birth
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During the pre-embryonic phase the fertilized ___ moves through
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the Fallopian tube toward the _____. During this time it undergoes
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rapid ______ division. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ovum, uterus
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mitotic


What is the morula? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔a solid ball of 12-
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16 cells (by day 3 after conception)
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What is an embryo blast? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔solid mass
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that eventually forms embryo
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What is a trophoblast? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔outer layer of
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blastocyst that develops into the chorion
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What hormone does the trophoblast produce? - CORRECT
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ANSWERS ✔✔HCG |\




What is the chorion? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔fetal portion of
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placenta

, When does implantation occur? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔6-10
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days after fertilization
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Trophoblast adheres to surface of _______ and proliferates -
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CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔endometrium |\ |\




What is the chorionic villi? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔fingerlike
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projections that reach into the endometrium that develop from
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the trophoblast
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becomes means of transferring oxygen and nutrients from
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maternal bloodstream ---> fetal |\ |\ |\




When does cell differentiation occur? - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔pre-embryonic period |\




days 10-14 |\




The ______ differentiates into 3 primary germ layers called _____,
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_____, and ______. What is the significance of these germ layers? -
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CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔blastocyst |\ |\




ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm |\ |\ |\




all tissues & organs develop from these primary germ cell layers
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What is the yolk sac and its purpose? - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔produces primitive red blood cells |\ |\ |\ |\