Maryville Patho NURS 611 Exam 2 | Question
and Answer | 2026/2027 Updated Study
Guide | Verified Past Paper Questions | A+
Verified
• Parasympathetic Nervous System . CORRECT ANSWER: Mediated by
acetylcholine; controls rest and digest; conserves energy and the body's resources;
controls everyday metabolism
• Sympathetic Nervous System . CORRECT ANSWER: Mediated by
catecholamines (epi and norepi); prepares the body for fight or flight; mobilizes
energy stores --> releases insulin; redistributes blood flow - increased to muscles,
decreased to GI/integumentary
• Focal brain injury . CORRECT ANSWER: Specific lesions that are observable
on imaging; epidural or subdural hemorrhage
• Diffuse brain injury . CORRECT ANSWER: Injuries involving widespread areas
of the brain; may be difficult to detect and define because damage is often
microscopic; hypoxia is the number 1 cause; other causes include meningitis or
encephalitis
• Autonomic Dysreflexia (below the lesion) . CORRECT ANSWER: Faulty
control of sweating because the hypothalmus is unable to regulate body heat due to
SNS damage; pale, cool skin
• Autonomic Dysreflexia (general) . CORRECT ANSWER: A complication
occurring in a person who has a spinal cord injury above T6
, • Autonomic Dysreflexia (above the lesion) . CORRECT ANSWER: Paroxysmal
hypertension (up to 300 mmHg systolic), piloerection, and sweating with flushing
of the skin; headache, bradycardia
• Delirium . CORRECT ANSWER: Acute onset, short duration; often associated
with UTI, resolves with treatment; attention and orientation are impaired; patient
can be agitated, disorganized, and have hallucinations
• Dementia . CORRECT ANSWER: Usually insidious with chronic slow decline;
attention and orientation are often intact early in the progression; no overt
behavioral signs early
• Alzheimer Disease . CORRECT ANSWER: Leading cause of dementia; greatest
risk factors are age and family history; specific diagnosis is made by postmortem
examination
• Stroke (incidence) . CORRECT ANSWER: Two times higher in blacks than
whites; tends to run in families; most common are ischemic
• Stroke (Risk Factors) . CORRECT ANSWER: Hypertension, Insulin resistance
and diabetes mellitus, High total cholesterol or low high-density lipoprotein (HDL)
cholesterol level, elevated lipoprotein-A level, Heart disease and peripheral
vascular disease, Polycythemia and thrombocythemia, Atrial fibrillation,
Postmenopausal hormone therapy, High sodium intake, >2300 mg; low potassium
intake, <4700 mg, Smoking, Physical inactivity, Obesity BMI >30, Chronic sleep
deprivation
• Right-sided homonymous hemianopsia . CORRECT ANSWER: Visual field loss
to the side of the vertical midline. In this case left-sided peripheral vision will be
intact, but right side is lost
and Answer | 2026/2027 Updated Study
Guide | Verified Past Paper Questions | A+
Verified
• Parasympathetic Nervous System . CORRECT ANSWER: Mediated by
acetylcholine; controls rest and digest; conserves energy and the body's resources;
controls everyday metabolism
• Sympathetic Nervous System . CORRECT ANSWER: Mediated by
catecholamines (epi and norepi); prepares the body for fight or flight; mobilizes
energy stores --> releases insulin; redistributes blood flow - increased to muscles,
decreased to GI/integumentary
• Focal brain injury . CORRECT ANSWER: Specific lesions that are observable
on imaging; epidural or subdural hemorrhage
• Diffuse brain injury . CORRECT ANSWER: Injuries involving widespread areas
of the brain; may be difficult to detect and define because damage is often
microscopic; hypoxia is the number 1 cause; other causes include meningitis or
encephalitis
• Autonomic Dysreflexia (below the lesion) . CORRECT ANSWER: Faulty
control of sweating because the hypothalmus is unable to regulate body heat due to
SNS damage; pale, cool skin
• Autonomic Dysreflexia (general) . CORRECT ANSWER: A complication
occurring in a person who has a spinal cord injury above T6
, • Autonomic Dysreflexia (above the lesion) . CORRECT ANSWER: Paroxysmal
hypertension (up to 300 mmHg systolic), piloerection, and sweating with flushing
of the skin; headache, bradycardia
• Delirium . CORRECT ANSWER: Acute onset, short duration; often associated
with UTI, resolves with treatment; attention and orientation are impaired; patient
can be agitated, disorganized, and have hallucinations
• Dementia . CORRECT ANSWER: Usually insidious with chronic slow decline;
attention and orientation are often intact early in the progression; no overt
behavioral signs early
• Alzheimer Disease . CORRECT ANSWER: Leading cause of dementia; greatest
risk factors are age and family history; specific diagnosis is made by postmortem
examination
• Stroke (incidence) . CORRECT ANSWER: Two times higher in blacks than
whites; tends to run in families; most common are ischemic
• Stroke (Risk Factors) . CORRECT ANSWER: Hypertension, Insulin resistance
and diabetes mellitus, High total cholesterol or low high-density lipoprotein (HDL)
cholesterol level, elevated lipoprotein-A level, Heart disease and peripheral
vascular disease, Polycythemia and thrombocythemia, Atrial fibrillation,
Postmenopausal hormone therapy, High sodium intake, >2300 mg; low potassium
intake, <4700 mg, Smoking, Physical inactivity, Obesity BMI >30, Chronic sleep
deprivation
• Right-sided homonymous hemianopsia . CORRECT ANSWER: Visual field loss
to the side of the vertical midline. In this case left-sided peripheral vision will be
intact, but right side is lost
