PRINCIPLES OF HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY 6TH EDITION COMPREHENSIVE EXAM 2026 SOLVED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+

PRINCIPLES OF HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY 6TH
EDITION COMPREHENSIVE EXAM 2026
SOLVED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+

◉ bases
Answer: molecules that lower pH by absorbing hydrogen


◉ buffers
Answer: substances that reduce pH change (bicarbonic acid)


◉ pH scale
Answer: indicates alkalinity of a solution


◉ cohesion
Answer: allows water to flow freely without separating due to
hydrogen bonds, like molecules


◉ adhesion
Answer: ability for water to cling to polar surfaces due to hydrogen
bonding, unlike molecules

,◉ organic molecules
Answer: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids


◉ glucose
Answer: important source of energy, monomer of carbohydrates


◉ glycerol and fatty acids
Answer: monomers of lipids


◉ amino acids
Answer: monomers of proteins


◉ nucleotides
Answer: monomers of nucleic acids


◉ purpose of proteins
Answer: support, transport, metabolism, regulation, motion


◉ Monosaccharides
Answer: made of singular sugar molecule

, ◉ types of monosaccharides
Answer: glucose, fructose, galactose


◉ disaccharides
Answer: two monosaccharides joined by dehydration reaction


◉ glucose + glucose
Answer: maltose


◉ glucose + fructose
Answer: sucrose


◉ glucose + galactose
Answer: lactose


◉ polysaccharides
Answer: carbohydrates made of many polymers linked together


◉ ruminants
Answer: animals with enzymes to breakdown cellulose


◉ dehydration reaction