EBIO 2070 Exam #2 Questions and Correct Answers

EBIO 2070 Exam #2 Questions and Correct
Answers
amino acid and protein structure criteria

1. all have amino group NH2

2. all have a hydrogen attached to alpha carbon

3. all have carboxyl group

4. R group differs among amino acids (another H atom, methyl group, ring structure)

making a peptide bond

during translation, you will choose two particular amino acids and form a covalent bond between

them

polypeptide

multiple amino acids that have amino end and carboxyl end

codon

sequence of three ribonucleotides and particular amino acid it encodes

translation starts

AUG: methionine

protein coding portion of mRNA

flanked by 5' and 3' untranslated regions

-flanked with start codon, ends in stop codon, nucleotides thay are not translated

open reading frame

, space between start codon and stop codon

tRNA

contain an attachment site for a specific amino acid and an anticodon that is complementary and

antiparallel to one of the codons for the AA

-single stranded RNA molecules that are capable of base pairing with themselves to form regions

that are double helical

-get transcribed to form functional tRNA but do not get translated

anticodon

stretch of three nucleotides

-complementary and antiparallel to mRNA

-has 3' end that amino acid attaches to covalently

nontemplate strand (looks like mRNA)

5' to 3'

tRNA anticodon sequence (looks like template strand)

3' to 5'

aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase

attaches an amino acid to its tRNA to form a charged tRNA

-a protein that attaches amino acid to tRNA and synthesizes tRNA covalently bonded to amino

acid

-protein recognizes shape of AA