NR 283 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Health - CORRECT ANSWER -Physical, mental, and social well-being
Disease - CORRECT ANSWER -Deviation from the normal state of homeostasis
Pathophysiology - CORRECT ANSWER -Functional changes in the body as a result from disease
Atrophy - CORRECT ANSWER -Decrease in the size of cells
Hypertrophy - CORRECT ANSWER -Increase in cell size
Hyperplasia - CORRECT ANSWER -Increased number of cells
Metaplasia - CORRECT ANSWER -Mature cell type is replaced by a different mature cell type
Dysplasia - CORRECT ANSWER -Cells vary in size and shape within a tissue
Anaplasia - CORRECT ANSWER -Undifferentiated cells with variable nuclear and cell structures
Neoplasia - CORRECT ANSWER -New growth, commonly called tumor
Apoptosis - CORRECT ANSWER -Normal, refers to programmed cell death
, Ischemia - CORRECT ANSWER -Decreased supply of oxygenated blood to a tissue or organ due
to circulation obstruction
Reversible cell damage - CORRECT ANSWER -Alteration of metabolic reaction, temporary loss of
function
Irreversible cell damage - CORRECT ANSWER -Cell dies
Necrosis - CORRECT ANSWER -Group of cells die
Gangrene - CORRECT ANSWER -Area of necrotic tissue that has been invaded by bacteria
ECF compartment - CORRECT ANSWER -Includes intravascular fluid, interstitial fluid, and
cerebrospinal fluid
Fluid circulates through the body via ___ and ___ - CORRECT ANSWER -Filtration and osmosis
Thirst mechanism - CORRECT ANSWER -Osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus
Antidiuretic hormone - CORRECT ANSWER -Promotes resorption of water into blood from
kidney tubules
Aldosterone - CORRECT ANSWER -Determines resorption of sodium ions and water
Atrial natriuretic peptide - CORRECT ANSWER -Regulates fluid, sodium, and potassium levels
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Health - CORRECT ANSWER -Physical, mental, and social well-being
Disease - CORRECT ANSWER -Deviation from the normal state of homeostasis
Pathophysiology - CORRECT ANSWER -Functional changes in the body as a result from disease
Atrophy - CORRECT ANSWER -Decrease in the size of cells
Hypertrophy - CORRECT ANSWER -Increase in cell size
Hyperplasia - CORRECT ANSWER -Increased number of cells
Metaplasia - CORRECT ANSWER -Mature cell type is replaced by a different mature cell type
Dysplasia - CORRECT ANSWER -Cells vary in size and shape within a tissue
Anaplasia - CORRECT ANSWER -Undifferentiated cells with variable nuclear and cell structures
Neoplasia - CORRECT ANSWER -New growth, commonly called tumor
Apoptosis - CORRECT ANSWER -Normal, refers to programmed cell death
, Ischemia - CORRECT ANSWER -Decreased supply of oxygenated blood to a tissue or organ due
to circulation obstruction
Reversible cell damage - CORRECT ANSWER -Alteration of metabolic reaction, temporary loss of
function
Irreversible cell damage - CORRECT ANSWER -Cell dies
Necrosis - CORRECT ANSWER -Group of cells die
Gangrene - CORRECT ANSWER -Area of necrotic tissue that has been invaded by bacteria
ECF compartment - CORRECT ANSWER -Includes intravascular fluid, interstitial fluid, and
cerebrospinal fluid
Fluid circulates through the body via ___ and ___ - CORRECT ANSWER -Filtration and osmosis
Thirst mechanism - CORRECT ANSWER -Osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus
Antidiuretic hormone - CORRECT ANSWER -Promotes resorption of water into blood from
kidney tubules
Aldosterone - CORRECT ANSWER -Determines resorption of sodium ions and water
Atrial natriuretic peptide - CORRECT ANSWER -Regulates fluid, sodium, and potassium levels
