CMN 554 Module1 Exam Questions and Correct
Answers
What did Jean-Jacques Rousseau believe about children?
He described children as 'noble savages', born with purity and innocence and an innate sense
of morality.
How did John Locke's view of children differ from Rousseau's?
Locke believed children enter the world as a blank slate, shaped by their environment and
experiences.
Who is considered the father of psychoanalysis?
Sigmund Freud
What are the stages of psychosexual development according to Freud?
Oral (birth to 18 months), Anal (1 to 3 years), Phallic (3 to 5 years), Latency (5 to 13 years),
Genital (13 and beyond).
What is Urie Bronfenbrenner known for?
He developed the Ecological Systems theory, emphasizing the role of interpersonal and
environmental systems in human development.
What is the Microsystem in Bronfenbrenner's theory?
The Microsystem is the smallest, simplest system based on interactions in the child's
immediate world.
What did Arnold Gesell contribute to child development?
,He believed that discerning guidance in home, school, and community leads to optimal
development.
What is the Concrete Operations stage in Piaget's theory?
It is the third stage where children (ages 7 to 11) can utilize logical principles when problem
solving.
What is Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development?
It consists of various levels and stages, including the Conventional stage (ages 10-13) where
acceptance from others and conformity to social rules prevail.
What is the Zone of Proximal Development according to Lev Vygotsky?
It is the distance between what an individual can learn independently and what they can learn
with guidance from an adult or more experienced peer.
What developmental level considerations are important in health promotion for school-
age children?
Health promotion behaviors must meet the child's cognitive level (Concrete operations) and
moral level (Conventional stage).
What types of learners are identified in health promotion for children?
Auditory learners, kinesthetic learners, and those who engage all modalities (kinesthetic,
auditory, visual).
What is the significance of an internal locus of control in children?
Children with an internal locus of control believe they are responsible for their behavior and
accomplishments, leading to higher achievement levels.
What factors increase the risk of child abuse?
, Family poverty, limited maternal education, culture, needy child syndrome, presence of a
step-father, single-parent status, parental drug addiction, and teenage parenthood.
What is the most frequent illness in school-age children?
Upper Respiratory Infection (URI).
What is the leading cause of death in school-age children?
Motor vehicle accidents (both passenger and pedestrian).
What are 'latchkey kids'?
Children of working parents who tend to be more isolated and miss out on important peer
relationships.
What is the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development used for?
It assesses cognitive abilities, motor skills, communication, social-emotional skills, and self-
help competencies in children from 16 days to 42 months.
What is key to assessing psychopathology in preschoolers?
Utilizing multiple modalities, multiple informants, multidisciplinary input, and multiaxial
diagnostic formulation.
What is the normal IQ range for children and adults?
90 - 110; below 70 meets the criteria for intellectual disability.
What is the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children?
It is the commonly used IQ test for children, currently in its 4th edition (WISC-IV).
What are the three dimensions of IQ presented by the Wechsler scales?
Performance IQ, Verbal IQ, and Full Scale IQ.
Answers
What did Jean-Jacques Rousseau believe about children?
He described children as 'noble savages', born with purity and innocence and an innate sense
of morality.
How did John Locke's view of children differ from Rousseau's?
Locke believed children enter the world as a blank slate, shaped by their environment and
experiences.
Who is considered the father of psychoanalysis?
Sigmund Freud
What are the stages of psychosexual development according to Freud?
Oral (birth to 18 months), Anal (1 to 3 years), Phallic (3 to 5 years), Latency (5 to 13 years),
Genital (13 and beyond).
What is Urie Bronfenbrenner known for?
He developed the Ecological Systems theory, emphasizing the role of interpersonal and
environmental systems in human development.
What is the Microsystem in Bronfenbrenner's theory?
The Microsystem is the smallest, simplest system based on interactions in the child's
immediate world.
What did Arnold Gesell contribute to child development?
,He believed that discerning guidance in home, school, and community leads to optimal
development.
What is the Concrete Operations stage in Piaget's theory?
It is the third stage where children (ages 7 to 11) can utilize logical principles when problem
solving.
What is Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development?
It consists of various levels and stages, including the Conventional stage (ages 10-13) where
acceptance from others and conformity to social rules prevail.
What is the Zone of Proximal Development according to Lev Vygotsky?
It is the distance between what an individual can learn independently and what they can learn
with guidance from an adult or more experienced peer.
What developmental level considerations are important in health promotion for school-
age children?
Health promotion behaviors must meet the child's cognitive level (Concrete operations) and
moral level (Conventional stage).
What types of learners are identified in health promotion for children?
Auditory learners, kinesthetic learners, and those who engage all modalities (kinesthetic,
auditory, visual).
What is the significance of an internal locus of control in children?
Children with an internal locus of control believe they are responsible for their behavior and
accomplishments, leading to higher achievement levels.
What factors increase the risk of child abuse?
, Family poverty, limited maternal education, culture, needy child syndrome, presence of a
step-father, single-parent status, parental drug addiction, and teenage parenthood.
What is the most frequent illness in school-age children?
Upper Respiratory Infection (URI).
What is the leading cause of death in school-age children?
Motor vehicle accidents (both passenger and pedestrian).
What are 'latchkey kids'?
Children of working parents who tend to be more isolated and miss out on important peer
relationships.
What is the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development used for?
It assesses cognitive abilities, motor skills, communication, social-emotional skills, and self-
help competencies in children from 16 days to 42 months.
What is key to assessing psychopathology in preschoolers?
Utilizing multiple modalities, multiple informants, multidisciplinary input, and multiaxial
diagnostic formulation.
What is the normal IQ range for children and adults?
90 - 110; below 70 meets the criteria for intellectual disability.
What is the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children?
It is the commonly used IQ test for children, currently in its 4th edition (WISC-IV).
What are the three dimensions of IQ presented by the Wechsler scales?
Performance IQ, Verbal IQ, and Full Scale IQ.
