Nursing Pathophysiology Exam 1 Test Bank Questions & Verified
Answers | Latest Update 2026
1. In a clinical scenario, if a patient is experiencing cerebral edema, which
intravenous solution would be most appropriate to help reduce the swelling?
5% dextrose lactate ringers (D5LR)
1/2 normal saline (0.45% NS)
Normal saline (0.9% NS)
Ringers lactate (RL)
2. Which of the following disorders results when a female is missing an X
chromosome and has a total of 45 chromosomes?
Duchene Muscular Dystrophy
Down Syndrome
Turner Syndrome
3. Which cytoplasmic organelle is the "workhorses" of the cell, produces energy
by oxidation in which enzymes digest macromolecules
Mitochondria
Lysosomes
Golgi apparatus
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
4. What is the normal range for serum calcium levels in mEq/L?
1.5 to 2.5 mEq/L
12.0 to 14.0 mEq/L
, 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L
8.5 to 10.5 mEq/L
5. When the body acquires antibodies from another person or an animal that
has developed its own immunity to the pathogen, this type what type of
immunity?
Cellular
Passive
Active
6. If a nurse is developing a care plan for a patient with Turner's Syndrome,
which treatment option should be prioritized to address developmental
concerns?
Estrogen therapy
Cognitive behavioral therapy
Testosterone therapy
Nutritional supplementation
7. If a young woman is diagnosed with lupus erythematosus, what
considerations should be made regarding her treatment plan?
No special considerations are needed as lupus affects all patients the
same.
Consideration of hormonal influences and potential pregnancy-
related complications.
Treatment should prioritize age-related diseases over lupus
management.
Focus solely on dietary changes without regard to hormonal factors.
,8. A __________ gene expresses itself in either the heterozygous or the
homozygous state.
Hemizygous
Recessive
Sex-linked
Dominant
9. What specific cardiac condition is commonly associated with Marfan's
Syndrome?
Mitral valve prolapse
Atrial septal defect
Ventricular septal defect
Coarctation of the aorta
10. Tertiary prevention describes efforts to___ ?
identify & treat diseases among the asymptomatic
prevent complications from occurring among those with chronic
diseases
all of the above
prevent diseases from occurring among the health
11. Describe the significance of a CD4+ cell count of less than 200 cells/mm3 in
the context of AIDS diagnosis.
A CD4+ cell count of less than 200 cells/mm3 indicates severe
immunosuppression, which is a criterion for diagnosing AIDS.
, A CD4+ cell count of less than 200 cells/mm3 suggests a healthy
immune response.
A CD4+ cell count of less than 200 cells/mm3 is irrelevant to AIDS
diagnosis.
A CD4+ cell count of less than 200 cells/mm3 indicates a mild
infection.
12. Which organ is primarily responsible for the production of serum
bicarbonate?
The kidneys
The intestines
The liver
The pancreas
13. Which genetic condition is characterized by the presence of an extra X
chromosome in males?
Klinefelter's
Triple X
XYY
Turner's
14. What is the final stage of General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)?
Exhaustion
Recovery
Resistance
Alarm
Answers | Latest Update 2026
1. In a clinical scenario, if a patient is experiencing cerebral edema, which
intravenous solution would be most appropriate to help reduce the swelling?
5% dextrose lactate ringers (D5LR)
1/2 normal saline (0.45% NS)
Normal saline (0.9% NS)
Ringers lactate (RL)
2. Which of the following disorders results when a female is missing an X
chromosome and has a total of 45 chromosomes?
Duchene Muscular Dystrophy
Down Syndrome
Turner Syndrome
3. Which cytoplasmic organelle is the "workhorses" of the cell, produces energy
by oxidation in which enzymes digest macromolecules
Mitochondria
Lysosomes
Golgi apparatus
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
4. What is the normal range for serum calcium levels in mEq/L?
1.5 to 2.5 mEq/L
12.0 to 14.0 mEq/L
, 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L
8.5 to 10.5 mEq/L
5. When the body acquires antibodies from another person or an animal that
has developed its own immunity to the pathogen, this type what type of
immunity?
Cellular
Passive
Active
6. If a nurse is developing a care plan for a patient with Turner's Syndrome,
which treatment option should be prioritized to address developmental
concerns?
Estrogen therapy
Cognitive behavioral therapy
Testosterone therapy
Nutritional supplementation
7. If a young woman is diagnosed with lupus erythematosus, what
considerations should be made regarding her treatment plan?
No special considerations are needed as lupus affects all patients the
same.
Consideration of hormonal influences and potential pregnancy-
related complications.
Treatment should prioritize age-related diseases over lupus
management.
Focus solely on dietary changes without regard to hormonal factors.
,8. A __________ gene expresses itself in either the heterozygous or the
homozygous state.
Hemizygous
Recessive
Sex-linked
Dominant
9. What specific cardiac condition is commonly associated with Marfan's
Syndrome?
Mitral valve prolapse
Atrial septal defect
Ventricular septal defect
Coarctation of the aorta
10. Tertiary prevention describes efforts to___ ?
identify & treat diseases among the asymptomatic
prevent complications from occurring among those with chronic
diseases
all of the above
prevent diseases from occurring among the health
11. Describe the significance of a CD4+ cell count of less than 200 cells/mm3 in
the context of AIDS diagnosis.
A CD4+ cell count of less than 200 cells/mm3 indicates severe
immunosuppression, which is a criterion for diagnosing AIDS.
, A CD4+ cell count of less than 200 cells/mm3 suggests a healthy
immune response.
A CD4+ cell count of less than 200 cells/mm3 is irrelevant to AIDS
diagnosis.
A CD4+ cell count of less than 200 cells/mm3 indicates a mild
infection.
12. Which organ is primarily responsible for the production of serum
bicarbonate?
The kidneys
The intestines
The liver
The pancreas
13. Which genetic condition is characterized by the presence of an extra X
chromosome in males?
Klinefelter's
Triple X
XYY
Turner's
14. What is the final stage of General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)?
Exhaustion
Recovery
Resistance
Alarm
