HPEX 310 EXAM 2 COMPREHENSIVE STUDY
GUIDE 2026
◉ Nutrients.
Answer: Substances in food that provide nourishment; they are
needed to support body function and maintain health.
◉ Three major functions of nutrients in the body.
Answer: Providing energy, supporting growth and development, and
regulating metabolism.
◉ Two major groups of nutrients.
Answer: Macronutrients and Micronutrients
◉ Macronutrients.
Answer: Nutrients that are required in relatively large amounts
(more than a few grams per day), provide energy for the body
◉ Examples of Macronutrients.
Answer: Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and waters
◉ Kilocalories.
,Answer: The energy contained in foods
◉ Carbohydrates.
Answer: exist in two forms, simple and complex, and serve several
functions in the body
◉ Simple carbohydrates.
Answer: A primary source of energy during exercise, brain requires
this for normal function, consists of chains of one or two simple
sugars. common types are glucose, fructose, and galactose
◉ Glucose.
Answer: a key simple sugar because it plays major role as an energy
source for the body, stored in skeletal muscles and the liver as a
complex carbohydrate called glycogen
◉ Complex Carbohydrates.
Answer: exist in several forms and includes starches, glycogen, and
fiber
◉ Starches.
Answer: long chains of glucose units that are storage form of
carbohydrates in plants
, ◉ Fiber.
Answer: an undigestible carbohydrate found in plants
◉ Soluble fiber.
Answer: dissolves in water; found in legumes, oats, psyllium,
flaxseeds, and certain fruits and vegetables; attracts water and forms
a gel, it delays stomach emptying, which makes you feel full
◉ Insoluble fiber.
Answer: adds bulk and passes through the gastrointestinal tract
largely intact; speeds up transit time, helping to maintain regularity
of bowel movements and reducing the rick of colon cancer; found in
whole grains, nuts, seeds, and certain vegetables and fruits
◉ Lipids.
Answer: A class of compounds that do not readily dissolve in water;
these include fats,oils, and waxes
◉ Fats.
Answer: most common types of lipids found in foods and in your
body, an important important fuel source
◉ Fatty Acid.
GUIDE 2026
◉ Nutrients.
Answer: Substances in food that provide nourishment; they are
needed to support body function and maintain health.
◉ Three major functions of nutrients in the body.
Answer: Providing energy, supporting growth and development, and
regulating metabolism.
◉ Two major groups of nutrients.
Answer: Macronutrients and Micronutrients
◉ Macronutrients.
Answer: Nutrients that are required in relatively large amounts
(more than a few grams per day), provide energy for the body
◉ Examples of Macronutrients.
Answer: Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and waters
◉ Kilocalories.
,Answer: The energy contained in foods
◉ Carbohydrates.
Answer: exist in two forms, simple and complex, and serve several
functions in the body
◉ Simple carbohydrates.
Answer: A primary source of energy during exercise, brain requires
this for normal function, consists of chains of one or two simple
sugars. common types are glucose, fructose, and galactose
◉ Glucose.
Answer: a key simple sugar because it plays major role as an energy
source for the body, stored in skeletal muscles and the liver as a
complex carbohydrate called glycogen
◉ Complex Carbohydrates.
Answer: exist in several forms and includes starches, glycogen, and
fiber
◉ Starches.
Answer: long chains of glucose units that are storage form of
carbohydrates in plants
, ◉ Fiber.
Answer: an undigestible carbohydrate found in plants
◉ Soluble fiber.
Answer: dissolves in water; found in legumes, oats, psyllium,
flaxseeds, and certain fruits and vegetables; attracts water and forms
a gel, it delays stomach emptying, which makes you feel full
◉ Insoluble fiber.
Answer: adds bulk and passes through the gastrointestinal tract
largely intact; speeds up transit time, helping to maintain regularity
of bowel movements and reducing the rick of colon cancer; found in
whole grains, nuts, seeds, and certain vegetables and fruits
◉ Lipids.
Answer: A class of compounds that do not readily dissolve in water;
these include fats,oils, and waxes
◉ Fats.
Answer: most common types of lipids found in foods and in your
body, an important important fuel source
◉ Fatty Acid.
