.
**Title:** TEAS Mastery Exam – Science Section (100
Questions)
---
**1. Which of the following is the primary function of the large intestine?**
A) Digestion of proteins
B) Absorption of water and electrolytes
C) Production of bile
D) Absorption of monosaccharides
💡 **RATIONALE** – The large intestine absorbs water, sodium, and potassium, converting chyme into
solid stool. Nutrient absorption occurs in the small intestine.
✔️ **ANSWER** – B) Absorption of water and electrolytes
---
**2. Which of the following best describes the function of the hypothalamus?**
A) Controls balance and coordination
B) Regulates body temperature, hunger, and thirst
C) Produces melatonin
D) Controls voluntary muscle movements
💡 **RATIONALE** – The hypothalamus maintains homeostasis by regulating temperature, appetite,
thirst, sleep, and pituitary gland activity.
✔️ **ANSWER** – B) Regulates body temperature, hunger, and thirst
,---
**3. Which type of cell division produces gametes (sperm and egg cells)?**
A) Mitosis
B) Binary fission
C) Meiosis
D) Budding
💡 **RATIONALE** – Meiosis reduces chromosome number by half (23 in humans) to produce haploid
gametes. Mitosis produces identical diploid somatic cells.
✔️ **ANSWER** – C) Meiosis
---
**4. Which of the following blood vessels carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs?**
A) Aorta
B) Pulmonary vein
C) Pulmonary artery
D) Superior vena cava
💡 **RATIONALE** – The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the
lungs for oxygenation. Pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood back.
✔️ **ANSWER** – C) Pulmonary artery
---
**5. Which of the following is a function of the ribosomes?**
A) Lipid synthesis
,B) ATP production
C) Protein synthesis
D) DNA replication
💡 **RATIONALE** – Ribosomes translate messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains (proteins).
They are found free in cytoplasm or attached to rough ER.
✔️ **ANSWER** – C) Protein synthesis
---
**6. Which of the following correctly orders the pH scale from most basic to most acidic?**
A) 14, 10, 7, 4, 1
B) 1, 4, 7, 10, 14
C) 7, 14, 1, 4, 10
D) 10, 7, 4, 1, 14
💡 **RATIONALE** – pH >7 = basic (higher = more basic), pH 7 = neutral, pH <7 = acidic (lower = more
acidic). 14 (most basic) → 1 (most acidic).
✔️ **ANSWER** – A) 14, 10, 7, 4, 1
---
**7. Which hormone is produced by the beta cells of the pancreas?**
A) Glucagon
B) Insulin
C) Somatostatin
D) Pancreatic polypeptide
, 💡 **RATIONALE** – Beta cells secrete insulin (lowers blood glucose). Alpha cells secrete glucagon
(raises blood glucose).
✔️ **ANSWER** – B) Insulin
---
**8. Which of the following is an example of a homozygous dominant genotype?**
A) aa
B) Aa
C) AA
D) aA
💡 **RATIONALE** – Homozygous dominant = two identical dominant alleles (AA). Heterozygous = Aa.
Homozygous recessive = aa.
✔️ **ANSWER** – C) AA
---
**9. Which structure in the nephron is primarily responsible for filtration of blood?**
A) Loop of Henle
B) Distal convoluted tubule
C) Glomerulus
D) Collecting duct
💡 **RATIONALE** – The glomerulus is a capillary network where blood pressure forces water and
solutes into Bowman’s capsule (filtration). Reabsorption occurs later.
✔️ **ANSWER** – C) Glomerulus
---
**Title:** TEAS Mastery Exam – Science Section (100
Questions)
---
**1. Which of the following is the primary function of the large intestine?**
A) Digestion of proteins
B) Absorption of water and electrolytes
C) Production of bile
D) Absorption of monosaccharides
💡 **RATIONALE** – The large intestine absorbs water, sodium, and potassium, converting chyme into
solid stool. Nutrient absorption occurs in the small intestine.
✔️ **ANSWER** – B) Absorption of water and electrolytes
---
**2. Which of the following best describes the function of the hypothalamus?**
A) Controls balance and coordination
B) Regulates body temperature, hunger, and thirst
C) Produces melatonin
D) Controls voluntary muscle movements
💡 **RATIONALE** – The hypothalamus maintains homeostasis by regulating temperature, appetite,
thirst, sleep, and pituitary gland activity.
✔️ **ANSWER** – B) Regulates body temperature, hunger, and thirst
,---
**3. Which type of cell division produces gametes (sperm and egg cells)?**
A) Mitosis
B) Binary fission
C) Meiosis
D) Budding
💡 **RATIONALE** – Meiosis reduces chromosome number by half (23 in humans) to produce haploid
gametes. Mitosis produces identical diploid somatic cells.
✔️ **ANSWER** – C) Meiosis
---
**4. Which of the following blood vessels carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs?**
A) Aorta
B) Pulmonary vein
C) Pulmonary artery
D) Superior vena cava
💡 **RATIONALE** – The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the
lungs for oxygenation. Pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood back.
✔️ **ANSWER** – C) Pulmonary artery
---
**5. Which of the following is a function of the ribosomes?**
A) Lipid synthesis
,B) ATP production
C) Protein synthesis
D) DNA replication
💡 **RATIONALE** – Ribosomes translate messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains (proteins).
They are found free in cytoplasm or attached to rough ER.
✔️ **ANSWER** – C) Protein synthesis
---
**6. Which of the following correctly orders the pH scale from most basic to most acidic?**
A) 14, 10, 7, 4, 1
B) 1, 4, 7, 10, 14
C) 7, 14, 1, 4, 10
D) 10, 7, 4, 1, 14
💡 **RATIONALE** – pH >7 = basic (higher = more basic), pH 7 = neutral, pH <7 = acidic (lower = more
acidic). 14 (most basic) → 1 (most acidic).
✔️ **ANSWER** – A) 14, 10, 7, 4, 1
---
**7. Which hormone is produced by the beta cells of the pancreas?**
A) Glucagon
B) Insulin
C) Somatostatin
D) Pancreatic polypeptide
, 💡 **RATIONALE** – Beta cells secrete insulin (lowers blood glucose). Alpha cells secrete glucagon
(raises blood glucose).
✔️ **ANSWER** – B) Insulin
---
**8. Which of the following is an example of a homozygous dominant genotype?**
A) aa
B) Aa
C) AA
D) aA
💡 **RATIONALE** – Homozygous dominant = two identical dominant alleles (AA). Heterozygous = Aa.
Homozygous recessive = aa.
✔️ **ANSWER** – C) AA
---
**9. Which structure in the nephron is primarily responsible for filtration of blood?**
A) Loop of Henle
B) Distal convoluted tubule
C) Glomerulus
D) Collecting duct
💡 **RATIONALE** – The glomerulus is a capillary network where blood pressure forces water and
solutes into Bowman’s capsule (filtration). Reabsorption occurs later.
✔️ **ANSWER** – C) Glomerulus
---
