NURS 6501 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS | VERIFIED | UPDATED (ACTUAL EXAM)

NURS 6501 ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS | VERIFIED |
UPDATED (ACTUAL EXAM)
2025\2026
Rheumatoid Arthritis - ANSWERS-Chronic inflammatory disorder affecting joints.
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CBC - ANSWERS-Complete blood count measuring blood components.
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Hgb - ANSWERS-Hemoglobin concentration in blood, measured in g/dL.
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Hct - ANSWERS-Hematocrit percentage of red blood cells.
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MCV - ANSWERS-Mean corpuscular volume of red blood cells.
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Platelet Count - ANSWERS-Number of platelets per microliter of blood.
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WBC Count - ANSWERS-Total white blood cells per microliter.
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Serum Haptoglobin - ANSWERS-Protein that binds free hemoglobin in blood.
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Serum Iron Concentration - ANSWERS-
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Amount of iron in serum, measured in micrograms/dL.
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Total Iron Binding Capacity - ANSWERS-
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Maximum amount of iron that can bind to transferrin.
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Percent Saturation - ANSWERS-Percentage of transferrin saturated with iron.
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Serum Ferritin Concentration - ANSWERS-Indicator of stored iron in the body.
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Reticulocyte Concentration - ANSWERS- vb vb vb


Percentage of immature red blood cells in circulation.
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Beta-Thalassemia Major - ANSWERS-Severe form of thalassemia causing anemia.
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Anemia of Chronic Disease - ANSWERS-
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Anemia associated with chronic inflammatory conditions.
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Acute Blood Loss Anemia - ANSWERS-Anemia due to sudden loss of blood.
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Iron Deficiency Anemia - ANSWERS-Anemia caused by insufficient iron.
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,Petechial Hemorrhages - ANSWERS-
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Small red or purple spots from bleeding under skin.
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Bone Marrow Examination - ANSWERS-
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Procedure to assess bone marrow health and function.
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Overwhelming Bacterial Infection - ANSWERS- vb vb vb vb


Severe infection leading to systemic symptoms.
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Aplastic Anemia - ANSWERS-Failure of bone marrow to produce blood cells.
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Sickle Cells - ANSWERS-Abnormally shaped red blood cells in sickle cell disease.
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Left Ventricular Hypertrophy - ANSWERS-
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Thickening of the heart's left ventricle due to pressure.
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Aortic Stenosis - ANSWERS-Narrowing of the aortic valve affecting blood flow.
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Aortic Dissection - ANSWERS-Tear in the aorta's inner layer causing severe pain.
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Tachycardia - ANSWERS-Heart rate over 100 bpm, often symptomatic.
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AV Dissociation - ANSWERS-Atria and ventricles beat independently.
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Nonsustained Supraventricular Tachycardia - ANSWERS-
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Intermittent rapid heart rate from atria.
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Sustained Wide Complex Atrial Tachycardia - ANSWERS-
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Persistent rapid atrial rhythm with wide QRS.
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Wide Complex Ventricular Tachycardia - ANSWERS-
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Rapid ventricular rhythm with wide QRS complexes.
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Narrow Complex Ventricular Tachycardia - ANSWERS-
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Rapid ventricular rhythm with narrow QRS complexes.
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Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy - ANSWERS-
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Heart muscle disease with unknown cause, leads to dilation.
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Ejection Fraction - ANSWERS-Percentage of blood pumped from heart per beat.
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Mitral Valve Regurgitation - ANSWERS-
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Backward flow of blood from left ventricle to atrium.
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Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation - ANSWERS-
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Backward flow of blood from right ventricle to atrium.
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Bradycardia - ANSWERS-Heart rate under 60 bpm, can indicate pathology.
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, Blocked Pathway at AV Node - ANSWERS-
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Interruption in electrical conduction below atrioventricular node.
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Blocked Pathway at SA Node - ANSWERS-
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Interruption in electrical conduction at sinoatrial node.
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Reentry Pathway - ANSWERS-
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Electrical impulse reenters a previous conduction pathway.
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Paravalvular Leak - ANSWERS-Leakage around a prosthetic heart valve.
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Aortic Stenosis - ANSWERS-Narrowing of the aortic valve, obstructs blood flow.
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Aortic Regurgitation - ANSWERS-
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Inadequate closure of aortic valve, causing backflow.
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Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) - ANSWERS-
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Cancer of lymphoid cells, common in children.
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Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) - ANSWERS-Slow-
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growing leukemia of mature lymphocytes.
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Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) - ANSWERS-
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Cancer of myeloid cells, rapid progression.
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Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) - ANSWERS-Slow-
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growing cancer of myeloid cells, often with Philadelphia chromosome.
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Hypochromic Microcytic Anemia - ANSWERS- vb vb vb vb


Anemia with small, pale red blood cells.
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Hemoglobin Electrophoresis - ANSWERS-
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Test to separate different types of hemoglobin.
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Maxillofacial Deformities - ANSWERS- vb vb vb


Abnormalities in facial structure, often due to anemia.
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Beta thalassemia - ANSWERS-
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Genetic disorder causing reduced hemoglobin production.
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Gastrointestinal blood loss - ANSWERS-Loss of blood from the digestive tract.
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Pernicious anemia - ANSWERS- vb vb vb


Vitamin B12 deficiency due to intrinsic factor absence.
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Chronic renal failure - ANSWERS-Progressive loss of kidney function over time.
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Macronodular cirrhosis - ANSWERS-Severe liver scarring affecting liver function.
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