BIOL 235
Chapter 1
# Term Definition
1 Anatomy is the science of body structures and the
relationships among them
2 Physiology is the science of body functions
3 What are the body's six levels of 1. chemical 2. cellular 3. tissue 4. organ 5.
structural organization? system 6. organismal
4 Atoms the smallest units of matter that participate in
chemical reactions
5 Molecules two or more atoms joined together
6 Cells the basically structural and functional units of
an organism that are composed of chemicals
7 What composes the chemical Atoms and molecules
level?
8 What are the four basic types of 1. Epithelial tissue covers body surfaces, lines
tissues? And what does each do? hollow organs and cavities and forms glands 2.
Connective tissues connects, supports and
protects body organs while distributing blood
vessels to other tissues 3. Muscular tissue
contracts to make body parts move and
generates heat 4. Nervous tissue carries
information from one part of the body to
another through nerve impulses
9 Organs structures that are composed of two or more
different types if tissues; they have specific
functions and usually have recognizable shapes
10 System consists of related organs with a common
function
11 Organism any living individual
, BIOL 235
# Term Definition
12 What are the 11 systems of the 1. Integumentary system 2. Skeletal system 3.
human body? Muscular system 4. Nervous system 5.
Endocrine system 6. Cardiovascular system 7.
Lymphatic system 8. Respiratory system 9.
Digestive system 10. Urinary system 11.
Reproductive system
13 Describe the components and Components: skin and associated structures
major functions of the such as hair, fingernails and toenails, sweat
integumentary system. glands and oil glands Functions: protects body;
helps regulate body temperature; eliminates
some wastes; makes vitamins D; detects
sensations such as touch, pain, warmth and
cold
14 Describe the components and Components: bones and joints of the body and
major functions of the skeletal their associated cartilages Functions: support
system. and protect the body; provide surface area for
muscle attachments; aids body movements;
houses cells that produce blood cells; stores
minerals and lipids (fats)
15 Describe the components and Components: skeletal muscle tissue Functions:
major functions of the muscular participate in body movements such as walking;
system. maintains posture; produces heat
16 Describe the components and Components: brain, spinal cord and nerves and
major functions of the nervous special sense organs such as eyes and ears
system. Functions: generates action potentials (nerve
impulses) to regulate body activities; detects
changes in body's internal and external
environments, interprets changes and responds
by causing muscle contractions or glandular
secretions
17 Describe the components and Components: hormone producing glands and
major functions of the endocrine hormone producing cells in several other
system. organs Functions: regulates body activities by
releasing hormones
18 Describe the components and Components: blood, heart and blood vessels
major functions of the Functions: heart pumps blood through blood
cardiovascular system. vessels; blood carries oxygen and nutrients to
cells and carbon dioxide and waste away from
the cells and helps regulates acid-base balance,
temperature, and water content of body fluids;
blood components help defend against disease
and repaid damaged blood vessels
Chapter 1
# Term Definition
1 Anatomy is the science of body structures and the
relationships among them
2 Physiology is the science of body functions
3 What are the body's six levels of 1. chemical 2. cellular 3. tissue 4. organ 5.
structural organization? system 6. organismal
4 Atoms the smallest units of matter that participate in
chemical reactions
5 Molecules two or more atoms joined together
6 Cells the basically structural and functional units of
an organism that are composed of chemicals
7 What composes the chemical Atoms and molecules
level?
8 What are the four basic types of 1. Epithelial tissue covers body surfaces, lines
tissues? And what does each do? hollow organs and cavities and forms glands 2.
Connective tissues connects, supports and
protects body organs while distributing blood
vessels to other tissues 3. Muscular tissue
contracts to make body parts move and
generates heat 4. Nervous tissue carries
information from one part of the body to
another through nerve impulses
9 Organs structures that are composed of two or more
different types if tissues; they have specific
functions and usually have recognizable shapes
10 System consists of related organs with a common
function
11 Organism any living individual
, BIOL 235
# Term Definition
12 What are the 11 systems of the 1. Integumentary system 2. Skeletal system 3.
human body? Muscular system 4. Nervous system 5.
Endocrine system 6. Cardiovascular system 7.
Lymphatic system 8. Respiratory system 9.
Digestive system 10. Urinary system 11.
Reproductive system
13 Describe the components and Components: skin and associated structures
major functions of the such as hair, fingernails and toenails, sweat
integumentary system. glands and oil glands Functions: protects body;
helps regulate body temperature; eliminates
some wastes; makes vitamins D; detects
sensations such as touch, pain, warmth and
cold
14 Describe the components and Components: bones and joints of the body and
major functions of the skeletal their associated cartilages Functions: support
system. and protect the body; provide surface area for
muscle attachments; aids body movements;
houses cells that produce blood cells; stores
minerals and lipids (fats)
15 Describe the components and Components: skeletal muscle tissue Functions:
major functions of the muscular participate in body movements such as walking;
system. maintains posture; produces heat
16 Describe the components and Components: brain, spinal cord and nerves and
major functions of the nervous special sense organs such as eyes and ears
system. Functions: generates action potentials (nerve
impulses) to regulate body activities; detects
changes in body's internal and external
environments, interprets changes and responds
by causing muscle contractions or glandular
secretions
17 Describe the components and Components: hormone producing glands and
major functions of the endocrine hormone producing cells in several other
system. organs Functions: regulates body activities by
releasing hormones
18 Describe the components and Components: blood, heart and blood vessels
major functions of the Functions: heart pumps blood through blood
cardiovascular system. vessels; blood carries oxygen and nutrients to
cells and carbon dioxide and waste away from
the cells and helps regulates acid-base balance,
temperature, and water content of body fluids;
blood components help defend against disease
and repaid damaged blood vessels
