CHAPTER 19: THE KIDNEYS
# Term Definition
1 Function of the Kidneys - regulation of extracellular fluid volume and
blood pressure - regulation of osmolarity -
maintenance of ion balance - homeostatic
regulation of pH - excretion of waste - production
of hormones
2 Urinary system - composed of the kidneys and accessory
structures
3 Renal Physiology - the study of kidney function
4 Process of Urine - water and solutes move from plasma tinto the
nephrons that make up the bulk of the paired
kidneys - the modified fluid leaves the kidney and
passes into a hollow tube called a ureter - then
they lead into the urinary bladder - the bladder
expands and fills with urine until by reflex action,
it contracts and expels urine through the urethra
5 Pertoneum - lines the adomen and the bones and muslces of
the back
6 Renal Arteries - branch off the abdonimal arota - supply blood
from to the kidney
7 Renal Veins - carry blood from the kidenys to the inferior
vena cava
8 cortex - the outer poriton of the kidney
9 Medulla - the innter portion of the kidney
10 Nephrons - most are completely contained in the cortex
(cortical nephrones) - dip down into the medulla
(juxtamedullary) - nephron is the functional unit
of the kidney
, CHAPTER 19: THE KIDNEYS
# Term Definition
11 Blood Circulation of Kidney - blood enter the kideny through the renal artery
- blood flows form the afferent arterile into a ball
like network as the glomerulus - blood then flows
into the efferent arteriole and into the second set
of capillaries, peritubular capillaries - then into
the vasa recta then the renal capillaries join to
form venules and small veins conduction blood
out of the kidney
12 Fucntion of Renal Portal - filter fluid out of the blood and into the lumen
of the nephron at the glomerular capillaries - to
reabsorb fluid from the tubule back into the
blood at the peritubular capillaries
13 Bowman's Capsule - ball like structure that surrounds the
glomerulus capillaries -
14 Renal Corpuscle - the combination of glomerulus and Bowman's
capsule - filtration takes place
15 Flow of Fluid in Kidney - flow into the proximal tubule - then into the
loop of Henle - then into the distal tube -
collecting tube - renal pelvis
16 Loop of Henle - hairpin shaped segment that dips down toward
the medulla and backup - divided into the
descending limb and ascending limb with thick
and thin segments - primary site for creating
dilute urine
17 Urine - filtered and modified fluid
18 Juxtaglomerular Appartus - the region where the nephron twist and folds
back on itself so that the final part of the
ascending limb of the looop of henle passes
between the afferent and efferent arterioles
19 Porccess that take place in the - filtration - reabsorption - secretion
Neuphron
20 Filtration - the movement of fluid from the blood into the
lumen of the neurphron - takes place in the renal
corpuscle
# Term Definition
1 Function of the Kidneys - regulation of extracellular fluid volume and
blood pressure - regulation of osmolarity -
maintenance of ion balance - homeostatic
regulation of pH - excretion of waste - production
of hormones
2 Urinary system - composed of the kidneys and accessory
structures
3 Renal Physiology - the study of kidney function
4 Process of Urine - water and solutes move from plasma tinto the
nephrons that make up the bulk of the paired
kidneys - the modified fluid leaves the kidney and
passes into a hollow tube called a ureter - then
they lead into the urinary bladder - the bladder
expands and fills with urine until by reflex action,
it contracts and expels urine through the urethra
5 Pertoneum - lines the adomen and the bones and muslces of
the back
6 Renal Arteries - branch off the abdonimal arota - supply blood
from to the kidney
7 Renal Veins - carry blood from the kidenys to the inferior
vena cava
8 cortex - the outer poriton of the kidney
9 Medulla - the innter portion of the kidney
10 Nephrons - most are completely contained in the cortex
(cortical nephrones) - dip down into the medulla
(juxtamedullary) - nephron is the functional unit
of the kidney
, CHAPTER 19: THE KIDNEYS
# Term Definition
11 Blood Circulation of Kidney - blood enter the kideny through the renal artery
- blood flows form the afferent arterile into a ball
like network as the glomerulus - blood then flows
into the efferent arteriole and into the second set
of capillaries, peritubular capillaries - then into
the vasa recta then the renal capillaries join to
form venules and small veins conduction blood
out of the kidney
12 Fucntion of Renal Portal - filter fluid out of the blood and into the lumen
of the nephron at the glomerular capillaries - to
reabsorb fluid from the tubule back into the
blood at the peritubular capillaries
13 Bowman's Capsule - ball like structure that surrounds the
glomerulus capillaries -
14 Renal Corpuscle - the combination of glomerulus and Bowman's
capsule - filtration takes place
15 Flow of Fluid in Kidney - flow into the proximal tubule - then into the
loop of Henle - then into the distal tube -
collecting tube - renal pelvis
16 Loop of Henle - hairpin shaped segment that dips down toward
the medulla and backup - divided into the
descending limb and ascending limb with thick
and thin segments - primary site for creating
dilute urine
17 Urine - filtered and modified fluid
18 Juxtaglomerular Appartus - the region where the nephron twist and folds
back on itself so that the final part of the
ascending limb of the looop of henle passes
between the afferent and efferent arterioles
19 Porccess that take place in the - filtration - reabsorption - secretion
Neuphron
20 Filtration - the movement of fluid from the blood into the
lumen of the neurphron - takes place in the renal
corpuscle
