Test
Bank
?
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - Web Quiz 1
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Which of the following statements about psychologists is true?
a. They focus exclusively on treating psychological disorders and problems.
b. They are interested in both normal and abnormal behaviors.
c. All psychologists can prescribe medication.
d. All psychologists have a doctorate in their field of study.
ANSWER: b
2. William Wundt:
a. was Sigmund Freud and Erik Erikson's mentor.
b. proposed a doctrine called "interactive dualism"—the idea that mind and body were separate entities.
c. was the founder of physiology—a branch of biology that studies the functions and parts of
living organisms.
d. defined psychology as the study of consciousness and emphasized the use of experimental methods
to study and measure it.
ANSWER: d
3. Edward Titchener is associated with which early approach or "school" of psychology?
a. behaviorism
b. structuralism
c. functionalism
d. psychoanalysis
ANSWER: b
4. Mary Whiton Calkins:
a. founded the first psychology laboratory in the United States at Yale University.
b. studied with Sigmund Freud and became the first female psychoanalyst in the United States.
c. is best known for her pioneering research on comparative psychology and her book The
Animal Mind.
d. conducted research on personality, dreams, and memory, and was the first woman elected president
of the American Psychological Association.
ANSWER: d
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - Web Quiz
1
5. Sigmund Freud's school of thought, called " ," emphasized the role of unconscious conflicts
in determining behavior and personality.
a. structuralism
b. functionalism
c. psychoanalysis
d. behaviorism
ANSWER: c
6. Which of the following individuals was NOT a key scientist in the development of behaviorism?
a. Sigmund Freud
b. Ivan Pavlov
c. John B. Watson
d. B.F. Skinner
ANSWER: a
7. Behaviorists believe that psychology should focus strictly on:
a. unconscious processes.
b. individual motives.
c. observable behavior.
d. mentalillness.
ANSWER: c
8. While Freud emphasized , Rogers emphasized .
a. unconscious conflicts; conscious experiences
b. overt, measurable behavior; unconscious conflicts
c. development; sexuality
d. favorable mental health; mental illness
ANSWER: a
9. Professor Diaz is studying the development of the human brain from infancy to early adulthood. She takes the
perspective and her specialty area is psychology.
a. humanistic; social
b. evolutionary; cognitive
c. behavioral; social
d. biological; developmental
ANSWER: d
, Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - Web Quiz
1
10. A collectivistic culture is one in which:
a. individual achievements are highly valued.
b. a person's social behavior is influenced more by individual preference than cultural values and norms.
c. a person's individual preferences and goals are considered to be more important than the
requirements and goals of his or her social group.
d. a person's behavior is influenced more by the cultural norms and social context than
individual preferences.
ANSWER: d
11. The second step of the scientific method is:
a. analyze the data to arrive at conclusions.
b. formulate a specific question that can be tested.
c. report the results.
d. design a study and collect relevant data.
ANSWER: d
12. Evidence that is the result of observation, measurement, and experimentation is referred to as evidence.
a. empirical
b. pseudoscientific
c. operational
d. dependent
ANSWER: a
13. Professor Wallace studied over 3,000 elderly individuals for a decade and found a statistically
significant relationship between survival rate and number of close friends. Specifically, he found that
elderly individuals with few close friends had a much higher death rate. To say that the results of his
study are "statistically significant" means that:
a. the finding has great practical value and significance.
b. there is a cause-and-effect relationship between the two variables.
c. the finding does not have to be replicated to be accepted by the scientific community.
d. the results are unlikely to have occurred by chance.
ANSWER: d
Bank
?
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - Web Quiz 1
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Which of the following statements about psychologists is true?
a. They focus exclusively on treating psychological disorders and problems.
b. They are interested in both normal and abnormal behaviors.
c. All psychologists can prescribe medication.
d. All psychologists have a doctorate in their field of study.
ANSWER: b
2. William Wundt:
a. was Sigmund Freud and Erik Erikson's mentor.
b. proposed a doctrine called "interactive dualism"—the idea that mind and body were separate entities.
c. was the founder of physiology—a branch of biology that studies the functions and parts of
living organisms.
d. defined psychology as the study of consciousness and emphasized the use of experimental methods
to study and measure it.
ANSWER: d
3. Edward Titchener is associated with which early approach or "school" of psychology?
a. behaviorism
b. structuralism
c. functionalism
d. psychoanalysis
ANSWER: b
4. Mary Whiton Calkins:
a. founded the first psychology laboratory in the United States at Yale University.
b. studied with Sigmund Freud and became the first female psychoanalyst in the United States.
c. is best known for her pioneering research on comparative psychology and her book The
Animal Mind.
d. conducted research on personality, dreams, and memory, and was the first woman elected president
of the American Psychological Association.
ANSWER: d
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - Web Quiz
1
5. Sigmund Freud's school of thought, called " ," emphasized the role of unconscious conflicts
in determining behavior and personality.
a. structuralism
b. functionalism
c. psychoanalysis
d. behaviorism
ANSWER: c
6. Which of the following individuals was NOT a key scientist in the development of behaviorism?
a. Sigmund Freud
b. Ivan Pavlov
c. John B. Watson
d. B.F. Skinner
ANSWER: a
7. Behaviorists believe that psychology should focus strictly on:
a. unconscious processes.
b. individual motives.
c. observable behavior.
d. mentalillness.
ANSWER: c
8. While Freud emphasized , Rogers emphasized .
a. unconscious conflicts; conscious experiences
b. overt, measurable behavior; unconscious conflicts
c. development; sexuality
d. favorable mental health; mental illness
ANSWER: a
9. Professor Diaz is studying the development of the human brain from infancy to early adulthood. She takes the
perspective and her specialty area is psychology.
a. humanistic; social
b. evolutionary; cognitive
c. behavioral; social
d. biological; developmental
ANSWER: d
, Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - Web Quiz
1
10. A collectivistic culture is one in which:
a. individual achievements are highly valued.
b. a person's social behavior is influenced more by individual preference than cultural values and norms.
c. a person's individual preferences and goals are considered to be more important than the
requirements and goals of his or her social group.
d. a person's behavior is influenced more by the cultural norms and social context than
individual preferences.
ANSWER: d
11. The second step of the scientific method is:
a. analyze the data to arrive at conclusions.
b. formulate a specific question that can be tested.
c. report the results.
d. design a study and collect relevant data.
ANSWER: d
12. Evidence that is the result of observation, measurement, and experimentation is referred to as evidence.
a. empirical
b. pseudoscientific
c. operational
d. dependent
ANSWER: a
13. Professor Wallace studied over 3,000 elderly individuals for a decade and found a statistically
significant relationship between survival rate and number of close friends. Specifically, he found that
elderly individuals with few close friends had a much higher death rate. To say that the results of his
study are "statistically significant" means that:
a. the finding has great practical value and significance.
b. there is a cause-and-effect relationship between the two variables.
c. the finding does not have to be replicated to be accepted by the scientific community.
d. the results are unlikely to have occurred by chance.
ANSWER: d
