EXAM 1-DEVELOPMENTAL
DISABILITIES
What,is,a,developmental,disability?,-,ans-✔✔-
A,severe,,chronic,disability,of,a,person,that,is,attributable,to,a,mental,or,physical,impairme
nt,of,a,combination,of,the,two;,is,manifested,before,the,person,is,22,,is,likely,to,continue,ind
efinitely
What,are,substantial,functional,limits,the,can,be,caused,by,a,developmental,disorder?
How,many,needed,to,be,substantially,functionally,limiting,for,it,to,be,classified,as,a,develo
pmental,disorder?
What,is,the,exception,to,the,"3,or,more",rule?,-,ans-✔✔-
Limits,in,self,care,,receptive,and,expressive,language,,learning,,mobility,,self-
direction,,capacity,for,independent,living,,and,economic,self-sufficiency
-3,or,more
-People,from,birth,to,9,with,a,substantial,developmental,delay,or,specific,congenital/
acquired,condition,who,has,a,high,likelihood,of,meeting,the,criteria,later,in,life.
What,does,a,developmental,disorder,reflect?,-,ans-✔✔-
Person's,need,for,a,combination,and,sequence,of,special,,interdisciplinary,or,generic,care,
,treatment,or,other,services,that,are,chronic,or,of,extended,duration,and,are,individually,pl
anned,and,coordinated
How,do,we,know,if,a,child,has,a,developmental,disorder?,-,ans-✔✔-
Compare,child's,abilities,to,those,expected,for,their,same,age,peers
Why,should,we,use,person-first,language,(PFL)?
What,is,the,caveat?
What,should,you,do,about,this,caveat?,-,ans-✔✔-
More,accurate,and,respectful,because,individuals,are,not,diagnoses
-Words,reflect/reinforce,attitudes,and,perceptions
-Descriptive,words,can,perpetuate,negative,stereotypes
-
These,perceptions,are,barriers,to,the,success,,inclusion,,and,acceptance,of,individuals,wit
h,disabilities
,-
The,caveat,is,some,people,want,to,be,called,something,that,doesn't,use,PFL.,Individuals,i
n,the,autistic,community,sometimes,like,"autistic",because,it,is,"an,inherent,part,of,their,ide
ntity"
-Ask,each,person,what,they,prefer
How,did,Greek,empires,view,disabilities?,-,ans-✔✔-
Sparta:,valued,physical,strength,and,intellectual,ability;,infanticide
-Athens:,unwanted,newborns,placed,at,temples,or,sold,as,slaves
What,did,King,Henry,II,of,England,in,the,Middle,Ages,think,of,developmental,disabilities?,-,
ans-✔✔-Declared,"imbeciles",wards,of,the,King
Why,were,individuals,with,developmental,disabilities,imprisoned?,-,ans-✔✔-
Superstition/witchcraft
-Thought,to,be,dangerous,to,society
Who,was,the,Father,of,Special,Education?,-,ans-✔✔-Itard
-Declared,individuals,with,intellectual,disabilities,can,learn
When,did,state,asylums,arise?,What,kind,of,activities,did,patients,do,here?,-,ans-✔✔-
1825-1850.,Thought,that,with,appropriate,therapy,,they,could,be,"cured"
-
Newspaper,,furniture,making,,quilting,,sewing,,plays,,pottery,,jewelry,,leather,crafts,,religi
ous,training,,exercise,and,recreation,,farming
What,happened,to,asylums,in,the,late,19th,century?,-,ans-✔✔-
Overcrowding,of,institutions,results,from,failure,to,"cure"
-State,funding,of,asylums,began,to,decline
What,is,the,study,of,human,beings,in,relation,to,genetic,inheritance?
What,is,how,the,environment,affects,humans?,-,ans-✔✔-Eugenics
-Euthenics
Describe,Goddard's,Study,of,Kallikak,Family
What,concerned,Goddard?,-,ans-✔✔-"Feeble-mindedness,is,hereditary-
segregation,through,colonization,is,the,way,to,eliminate,social,ills"
-Found,that,70%,of,mental,deficiency,due,to,inheritance
-Criminal,implications,concerned,him,,which,made,him,a,proponent,of,sterilization
When,was,the,first,sterilization,law,enacted?
When,were,compulsory/
voluntary,sterilization,laws,enacted,in,28,states,,causing,26,858,operations?
,When,was,sterilization,abolished?,-,ans-✔✔-1907
-1951
-1979
What,happened,in,the,Kennedy,Era,for,individuals,with,developmental,disabilities?,-,ans-
✔✔-Educational,rights
-Integrated,educational,placements
-Deinstitutionalization
-Comprehensive,community-based,program
What,was,the,landmark,class,action,lawsuit,in,Alabama,that,established,the,right,to,treatm
ent,of,individuals,living,in,residential,facilities,,including,deinstitutionalization?,-,ans-✔✔-
Wyatt-Stickney,(1970s)
What,are,the,standards,of,Wyatt-Stickney?,(4),-,ans-✔✔-
Human,psychological,and,physical,environment
-Qualified,and,sufficient,stat,for,administration,of,treatment
-Individualized,treatment,plans
-Minimum,restriction,of,patient,freedom
What,did,the,Education,for,the,Handicapped,Act,(EHA)/
Individuals,with,Disabalities,Education,Act,(IDEA),of,1975,guarantee?
What,happened,when,it,was,amended,in,1986?,-,ans-✔✔-
Guaranteed,the,appropriate,education,of,all,children,with,mental,retardation,,from,school,a
ge,to,21,years,of,age.
-Guaranteed,education,services,to,children,with,disabilities,ages,3,to,21
What,are,the,6,principles,of,the,IDEA?,-,ans-✔✔-Free,appropriate,education
-Appropriate,evaluation
-Individualized,education,program,(IEP)
-Least-restrictive,environment,(LRE)
-Parent,and,student,participant,in,decision-making
-Procedural,safeguards
What,are,neurological,differences,that,are,the,result,of,normal,,natural,human,variations?,-
,ans-✔✔-Neurodiversity
How,is,neurodiversity,thought,of,in,the,ecological,model?
Does,it,think,there,is,a,correct,way,of,thinking,or,experience,the,world?
Are,the,differences,a,deficit?,-,ans-✔✔-
Thought,to,be,a,crucial,aspect,of,human,diversity,that,refers,to,the,natural,variations,in,cog
nitive/
emotional,functions,of,the,brain,which,evolved,in,response,to,a,need,for,variation,in,group,
approaches,to,survival
-No
-No
, How,many,people,with,autism,have,savant,skills?,-,ans-✔✔-1/10
What,model,of,disability,sees,disability,as,resulting,from,a,poor,fit,between,the,
(physical,,cognitive,,or,emotional),characteristics,of,a,given,individual,and,the,characteristi
cs,of,their,social,context?
Why,does,this,view,think,a,person,is,disabled?,-,ans-✔✔-Social,model,of,disability
-
Thinks,they,are,disabled,not,by,their,impairment,,but,by,the,failure,of,their,environment,to,a
ccomodate,their,needs
How,does,the,medical,model,view,disability?,-,ans-✔✔-
Assumes,that,disability,is,inherent,to,individual,and,must,be,fixed
Functional,limitations/impairments,+,Physical/Social,barriers,=,?,-,ans-✔✔-
Disabling,environments
-
Social,model,of,disability:,Inability,to,participate,fully,in,home,and,community,life,,not,inher
ent,to,the,individual
How,do,the,disorder,and,neurodiversity,paradigm,contrast,each,other?,-,ans-✔✔-
Disorder:,Wants,to,"fix",what,is,wrong,with,the,person.,Intervention,in,deficit
-Neurodiversity:,Intervene,in,the,context,,don't,fix,the,person
What,is,expecting,to,be,treated,differently,because,of,stigma?,-,ans-✔✔-
Stigma,consciousness
-Poor,beliefs,about,self,due,to,stigmatization
What,can,stigma,consciousness,lead,to?,-,ans-✔✔-Poorer,academic,performance
-Lower,sense,of,belonging
-Greater,anxiety
-Poor,mental,health
What,are,internalize,views,of,stigma,one,imposes,on,themself?,-,ans-✔✔-Self-stigma
Contrast,a,traditional,classroom,and,a,UDL,classroom.,-,ans-✔✔-Traditional
Teaching,focuses,on,the,content,of,what,is,being,taught
Accomodations,for,specific,students
Classroom,has,a,fixed,setup
Only,one,way,for,a,student,to,complete,an,assignment
Grades,measure,performance
-UDL
Focus,on,content,and,how,it's,taught
Accommodations,for,all,students
Teacher,works,with,student,to,decide,how,they,will,learn
DISABILITIES
What,is,a,developmental,disability?,-,ans-✔✔-
A,severe,,chronic,disability,of,a,person,that,is,attributable,to,a,mental,or,physical,impairme
nt,of,a,combination,of,the,two;,is,manifested,before,the,person,is,22,,is,likely,to,continue,ind
efinitely
What,are,substantial,functional,limits,the,can,be,caused,by,a,developmental,disorder?
How,many,needed,to,be,substantially,functionally,limiting,for,it,to,be,classified,as,a,develo
pmental,disorder?
What,is,the,exception,to,the,"3,or,more",rule?,-,ans-✔✔-
Limits,in,self,care,,receptive,and,expressive,language,,learning,,mobility,,self-
direction,,capacity,for,independent,living,,and,economic,self-sufficiency
-3,or,more
-People,from,birth,to,9,with,a,substantial,developmental,delay,or,specific,congenital/
acquired,condition,who,has,a,high,likelihood,of,meeting,the,criteria,later,in,life.
What,does,a,developmental,disorder,reflect?,-,ans-✔✔-
Person's,need,for,a,combination,and,sequence,of,special,,interdisciplinary,or,generic,care,
,treatment,or,other,services,that,are,chronic,or,of,extended,duration,and,are,individually,pl
anned,and,coordinated
How,do,we,know,if,a,child,has,a,developmental,disorder?,-,ans-✔✔-
Compare,child's,abilities,to,those,expected,for,their,same,age,peers
Why,should,we,use,person-first,language,(PFL)?
What,is,the,caveat?
What,should,you,do,about,this,caveat?,-,ans-✔✔-
More,accurate,and,respectful,because,individuals,are,not,diagnoses
-Words,reflect/reinforce,attitudes,and,perceptions
-Descriptive,words,can,perpetuate,negative,stereotypes
-
These,perceptions,are,barriers,to,the,success,,inclusion,,and,acceptance,of,individuals,wit
h,disabilities
,-
The,caveat,is,some,people,want,to,be,called,something,that,doesn't,use,PFL.,Individuals,i
n,the,autistic,community,sometimes,like,"autistic",because,it,is,"an,inherent,part,of,their,ide
ntity"
-Ask,each,person,what,they,prefer
How,did,Greek,empires,view,disabilities?,-,ans-✔✔-
Sparta:,valued,physical,strength,and,intellectual,ability;,infanticide
-Athens:,unwanted,newborns,placed,at,temples,or,sold,as,slaves
What,did,King,Henry,II,of,England,in,the,Middle,Ages,think,of,developmental,disabilities?,-,
ans-✔✔-Declared,"imbeciles",wards,of,the,King
Why,were,individuals,with,developmental,disabilities,imprisoned?,-,ans-✔✔-
Superstition/witchcraft
-Thought,to,be,dangerous,to,society
Who,was,the,Father,of,Special,Education?,-,ans-✔✔-Itard
-Declared,individuals,with,intellectual,disabilities,can,learn
When,did,state,asylums,arise?,What,kind,of,activities,did,patients,do,here?,-,ans-✔✔-
1825-1850.,Thought,that,with,appropriate,therapy,,they,could,be,"cured"
-
Newspaper,,furniture,making,,quilting,,sewing,,plays,,pottery,,jewelry,,leather,crafts,,religi
ous,training,,exercise,and,recreation,,farming
What,happened,to,asylums,in,the,late,19th,century?,-,ans-✔✔-
Overcrowding,of,institutions,results,from,failure,to,"cure"
-State,funding,of,asylums,began,to,decline
What,is,the,study,of,human,beings,in,relation,to,genetic,inheritance?
What,is,how,the,environment,affects,humans?,-,ans-✔✔-Eugenics
-Euthenics
Describe,Goddard's,Study,of,Kallikak,Family
What,concerned,Goddard?,-,ans-✔✔-"Feeble-mindedness,is,hereditary-
segregation,through,colonization,is,the,way,to,eliminate,social,ills"
-Found,that,70%,of,mental,deficiency,due,to,inheritance
-Criminal,implications,concerned,him,,which,made,him,a,proponent,of,sterilization
When,was,the,first,sterilization,law,enacted?
When,were,compulsory/
voluntary,sterilization,laws,enacted,in,28,states,,causing,26,858,operations?
,When,was,sterilization,abolished?,-,ans-✔✔-1907
-1951
-1979
What,happened,in,the,Kennedy,Era,for,individuals,with,developmental,disabilities?,-,ans-
✔✔-Educational,rights
-Integrated,educational,placements
-Deinstitutionalization
-Comprehensive,community-based,program
What,was,the,landmark,class,action,lawsuit,in,Alabama,that,established,the,right,to,treatm
ent,of,individuals,living,in,residential,facilities,,including,deinstitutionalization?,-,ans-✔✔-
Wyatt-Stickney,(1970s)
What,are,the,standards,of,Wyatt-Stickney?,(4),-,ans-✔✔-
Human,psychological,and,physical,environment
-Qualified,and,sufficient,stat,for,administration,of,treatment
-Individualized,treatment,plans
-Minimum,restriction,of,patient,freedom
What,did,the,Education,for,the,Handicapped,Act,(EHA)/
Individuals,with,Disabalities,Education,Act,(IDEA),of,1975,guarantee?
What,happened,when,it,was,amended,in,1986?,-,ans-✔✔-
Guaranteed,the,appropriate,education,of,all,children,with,mental,retardation,,from,school,a
ge,to,21,years,of,age.
-Guaranteed,education,services,to,children,with,disabilities,ages,3,to,21
What,are,the,6,principles,of,the,IDEA?,-,ans-✔✔-Free,appropriate,education
-Appropriate,evaluation
-Individualized,education,program,(IEP)
-Least-restrictive,environment,(LRE)
-Parent,and,student,participant,in,decision-making
-Procedural,safeguards
What,are,neurological,differences,that,are,the,result,of,normal,,natural,human,variations?,-
,ans-✔✔-Neurodiversity
How,is,neurodiversity,thought,of,in,the,ecological,model?
Does,it,think,there,is,a,correct,way,of,thinking,or,experience,the,world?
Are,the,differences,a,deficit?,-,ans-✔✔-
Thought,to,be,a,crucial,aspect,of,human,diversity,that,refers,to,the,natural,variations,in,cog
nitive/
emotional,functions,of,the,brain,which,evolved,in,response,to,a,need,for,variation,in,group,
approaches,to,survival
-No
-No
, How,many,people,with,autism,have,savant,skills?,-,ans-✔✔-1/10
What,model,of,disability,sees,disability,as,resulting,from,a,poor,fit,between,the,
(physical,,cognitive,,or,emotional),characteristics,of,a,given,individual,and,the,characteristi
cs,of,their,social,context?
Why,does,this,view,think,a,person,is,disabled?,-,ans-✔✔-Social,model,of,disability
-
Thinks,they,are,disabled,not,by,their,impairment,,but,by,the,failure,of,their,environment,to,a
ccomodate,their,needs
How,does,the,medical,model,view,disability?,-,ans-✔✔-
Assumes,that,disability,is,inherent,to,individual,and,must,be,fixed
Functional,limitations/impairments,+,Physical/Social,barriers,=,?,-,ans-✔✔-
Disabling,environments
-
Social,model,of,disability:,Inability,to,participate,fully,in,home,and,community,life,,not,inher
ent,to,the,individual
How,do,the,disorder,and,neurodiversity,paradigm,contrast,each,other?,-,ans-✔✔-
Disorder:,Wants,to,"fix",what,is,wrong,with,the,person.,Intervention,in,deficit
-Neurodiversity:,Intervene,in,the,context,,don't,fix,the,person
What,is,expecting,to,be,treated,differently,because,of,stigma?,-,ans-✔✔-
Stigma,consciousness
-Poor,beliefs,about,self,due,to,stigmatization
What,can,stigma,consciousness,lead,to?,-,ans-✔✔-Poorer,academic,performance
-Lower,sense,of,belonging
-Greater,anxiety
-Poor,mental,health
What,are,internalize,views,of,stigma,one,imposes,on,themself?,-,ans-✔✔-Self-stigma
Contrast,a,traditional,classroom,and,a,UDL,classroom.,-,ans-✔✔-Traditional
Teaching,focuses,on,the,content,of,what,is,being,taught
Accomodations,for,specific,students
Classroom,has,a,fixed,setup
Only,one,way,for,a,student,to,complete,an,assignment
Grades,measure,performance
-UDL
Focus,on,content,and,how,it's,taught
Accommodations,for,all,students
Teacher,works,with,student,to,decide,how,they,will,learn
