PNB 2265 Exam 3 || 100% Correct Solutions.
how many liters per day does the kidney filter correct answers 180
what percent of the filtered fluid by kidneys is excreted in urine correct answers 1%
functions of the kidneys correct answers excrete wastes, regulate water and salt balance, and
secrete hormones
osmotic gradient in the nephron correct answers 300 (cortex) to 1200 (inner medulla)
site of filtrate correct answers renal corpuscle
site of reabsorption of 70% water, nutrients, and ions correct answers proximal convoluted
tubule
impermeable to salt correct answers descending loop of Henle
impermeable to water correct answers ascending loop of Henle
urine reabsorption may occur here correct answers papillary collecitng duct
flow of blood supply in the nephron correct answers renal artery, afferent arteriole, glomerulus,
efferent arteriole, peritubular capillaries, to renal vein
what type makes up 85% of nephrons correct answers cortical
unique characteristics to juxtamedullary nephron correct answers creates OSMOTIC gradient
and has longer loops of Henle
type of capillaries in the glomerulus correct answers fenestrated
unique to Bowmans capsule correct answers podocytes
where the afferent arteriole connects to the distal convoluted tubule correct answers
juxtaglomerular apparatus
where can you find macula densa and what do they do correct answers distal convoluted tubule
and they have osmoreceptors to initiate tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism (aka dilate
afferent arteriole)
what do cells in the afferent arteriole secrete correct answers renin
definition of filtration correct answers bulk flow of PROTEIN FREE plasma from the
glomerulus into the nephron
, where can you find the renal corpuscle and the convoluted tubules correct answers cortex of the
nephron
detrusor muscle of the urinary bladder correct answers smooth muscle under parasympathetic
control that is inhibited during filling and stimulated during the micturition reflex
histology of bladder correct answers transitional epithelium
micturition reflex correct answers reflex mediated by parasympathetic, voluntary control through
descending input from higher centers
stretch receptors on the bladder correct answers sensed by pelvic nerve that causes the destrusor
to contract and the sphincters to relax
main site of K+ secretion correct answers distal convoluted tubule
amount excreted = correct answers filtered + secreted - reabsorbed
what governs filtration correct answers bulk flow by blood pressure (hydrostatic)
favors filtration correct answers glomerular capillary blood pressure
usually has no affect on filtration but can oppose correct answers blood pressure in Bowman's
capsule
opposes filtration correct answers blood colloid osmotic pressure due to protein
normal GFR correct answers 7.5 lit/hour
what keeps GFR at 7.5 lit/hour correct answers local control by renal autoregulation
(constrict/dilate arterioles by myogenic mechanism)
constrict afferent arteriole = correct answers decrease in GFR
dilate afferent arteriole = correct answers increase in GFR
3 membranes particles have to pass when reabsorbed correct answers apical, basolateral, and
endothelium of peritubular capillary
most reabsorbed particles correct answers water, glucose, Na+, and amino acids
partially reabsorbed particles correct answers urea, K+, and phosphates
never reabsorbed particles correct answers creatine and sulfates
how many liters per day does the kidney filter correct answers 180
what percent of the filtered fluid by kidneys is excreted in urine correct answers 1%
functions of the kidneys correct answers excrete wastes, regulate water and salt balance, and
secrete hormones
osmotic gradient in the nephron correct answers 300 (cortex) to 1200 (inner medulla)
site of filtrate correct answers renal corpuscle
site of reabsorption of 70% water, nutrients, and ions correct answers proximal convoluted
tubule
impermeable to salt correct answers descending loop of Henle
impermeable to water correct answers ascending loop of Henle
urine reabsorption may occur here correct answers papillary collecitng duct
flow of blood supply in the nephron correct answers renal artery, afferent arteriole, glomerulus,
efferent arteriole, peritubular capillaries, to renal vein
what type makes up 85% of nephrons correct answers cortical
unique characteristics to juxtamedullary nephron correct answers creates OSMOTIC gradient
and has longer loops of Henle
type of capillaries in the glomerulus correct answers fenestrated
unique to Bowmans capsule correct answers podocytes
where the afferent arteriole connects to the distal convoluted tubule correct answers
juxtaglomerular apparatus
where can you find macula densa and what do they do correct answers distal convoluted tubule
and they have osmoreceptors to initiate tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism (aka dilate
afferent arteriole)
what do cells in the afferent arteriole secrete correct answers renin
definition of filtration correct answers bulk flow of PROTEIN FREE plasma from the
glomerulus into the nephron
, where can you find the renal corpuscle and the convoluted tubules correct answers cortex of the
nephron
detrusor muscle of the urinary bladder correct answers smooth muscle under parasympathetic
control that is inhibited during filling and stimulated during the micturition reflex
histology of bladder correct answers transitional epithelium
micturition reflex correct answers reflex mediated by parasympathetic, voluntary control through
descending input from higher centers
stretch receptors on the bladder correct answers sensed by pelvic nerve that causes the destrusor
to contract and the sphincters to relax
main site of K+ secretion correct answers distal convoluted tubule
amount excreted = correct answers filtered + secreted - reabsorbed
what governs filtration correct answers bulk flow by blood pressure (hydrostatic)
favors filtration correct answers glomerular capillary blood pressure
usually has no affect on filtration but can oppose correct answers blood pressure in Bowman's
capsule
opposes filtration correct answers blood colloid osmotic pressure due to protein
normal GFR correct answers 7.5 lit/hour
what keeps GFR at 7.5 lit/hour correct answers local control by renal autoregulation
(constrict/dilate arterioles by myogenic mechanism)
constrict afferent arteriole = correct answers decrease in GFR
dilate afferent arteriole = correct answers increase in GFR
3 membranes particles have to pass when reabsorbed correct answers apical, basolateral, and
endothelium of peritubular capillary
most reabsorbed particles correct answers water, glucose, Na+, and amino acids
partially reabsorbed particles correct answers urea, K+, and phosphates
never reabsorbed particles correct answers creatine and sulfates
