FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING EXAM 2 2026
CERTIFICATION TEST QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS UPDATED
◉ diastolic pressure. Answer: occurs when the ventricles are
relaxed; the lowest pressure against the walls of an artery
◉ systolic pressure. Answer: Blood pressure in the arteries during
contraction of the ventricles.
◉ Korotkoff sounds phase 1. Answer: tapping
◉ Korotkoff sounds phase 2. Answer: Muffled, whooshing, or
swishing sound
◉ Korotkoff sounds phase 3. Answer: soft thump or tapping
◉ Korotkoff sounds phase 4. Answer: sounds like muffling, less
distinct or audible; soft or blowing. Typically recorded.
◉ Korotkoff sounds phase 5. Answer: silence
,◉ Inspection. Answer: visual examination of the body
◉ Palpitation. Answer: The examiner uses the sense of touch to
determine the characteristics of an organ system.
◉ Percussion. Answer: a diagnostic procedure designed to
determine the density of a body part by the sound produced by
tapping the surface with the fingers
◉ Skin Assessment. Answer: Inspection - color (pigmentation),
hydration, lesions
Palpation - temperature, moisture, texture, temperature, elasticity
(turgor), lesions
Sense of smell - associated with hygiene deficits or lesions
Consider age-related changes
◉ Hair assessment. Answer: color, texture, distribution, lesions
◉ Nail Assessment. Answer: shape and contour, consistency, color,
capillary refill
◉ Skin Lesion Assessment. Answer: A = Asymmetry
B = Border Irregularity
, C = Color Variegation
D = Diameter Greater Than 6mm
E = Evolving Changes
◉ Head Assessment. Answer: Inspection - head (normocephalic),
scalp and face, observe movement of head, face and eyes
Palpation - head and scalp, check skin and tissue integrity, temporal
artery, test ROM of TMJ
◉ Eyes & Vision Assessment. Answer: Inspection of external eyes -
white sclera, pink moist conjunctiva, symmetrical, move in unison
with coordinated movement, pupil size (normal 3-7mm) and
pupillary response to light, consensual pupil response,
accommodation
Visual Acuity and visual fields
◉ ISBAR. Answer: Introduction
Situation
Background
Assessment
Recommendation
CERTIFICATION TEST QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS UPDATED
◉ diastolic pressure. Answer: occurs when the ventricles are
relaxed; the lowest pressure against the walls of an artery
◉ systolic pressure. Answer: Blood pressure in the arteries during
contraction of the ventricles.
◉ Korotkoff sounds phase 1. Answer: tapping
◉ Korotkoff sounds phase 2. Answer: Muffled, whooshing, or
swishing sound
◉ Korotkoff sounds phase 3. Answer: soft thump or tapping
◉ Korotkoff sounds phase 4. Answer: sounds like muffling, less
distinct or audible; soft or blowing. Typically recorded.
◉ Korotkoff sounds phase 5. Answer: silence
,◉ Inspection. Answer: visual examination of the body
◉ Palpitation. Answer: The examiner uses the sense of touch to
determine the characteristics of an organ system.
◉ Percussion. Answer: a diagnostic procedure designed to
determine the density of a body part by the sound produced by
tapping the surface with the fingers
◉ Skin Assessment. Answer: Inspection - color (pigmentation),
hydration, lesions
Palpation - temperature, moisture, texture, temperature, elasticity
(turgor), lesions
Sense of smell - associated with hygiene deficits or lesions
Consider age-related changes
◉ Hair assessment. Answer: color, texture, distribution, lesions
◉ Nail Assessment. Answer: shape and contour, consistency, color,
capillary refill
◉ Skin Lesion Assessment. Answer: A = Asymmetry
B = Border Irregularity
, C = Color Variegation
D = Diameter Greater Than 6mm
E = Evolving Changes
◉ Head Assessment. Answer: Inspection - head (normocephalic),
scalp and face, observe movement of head, face and eyes
Palpation - head and scalp, check skin and tissue integrity, temporal
artery, test ROM of TMJ
◉ Eyes & Vision Assessment. Answer: Inspection of external eyes -
white sclera, pink moist conjunctiva, symmetrical, move in unison
with coordinated movement, pupil size (normal 3-7mm) and
pupillary response to light, consensual pupil response,
accommodation
Visual Acuity and visual fields
◉ ISBAR. Answer: Introduction
Situation
Background
Assessment
Recommendation
