PHTLS EVALUATION EXAMS 2026 TEST QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔One of the earliest signs of hypovolemic shock is:
A. Hypotension
B. Bradycardia
C. Anxiety
D. Reduced urine output - ✔✔C. Anxiety
✔✔Which of the following characterizes the washout phase of shock?
A. Systemic acidosis
B. Localized tissue acidosis
C. Edema
D. Reduced capillary blood flow - ✔✔A. Systemic acidosis
✔✔A trauma patient who has fallen 20 feet from an apartment balcony is alert with
warm, dry, pink skin, with normal capillary refilling time to the lower extremities, and is
hypotensive. The upper extremities are cool, pale and diaphoretic. Which of the
following injuries should be suspected?
A. Aortic dissection
, B. Liver laceration
C. Fractured pelvis
D. Spinal cord injury - ✔✔D. Spinal cord injury
✔✔Which of the following is a limitation of prehospital fluid resuscitation of the patient in
hemorrhagic shock?
A. Inability of fluids to carry oxygen
B. Pulmonary edema
C. Increased hemorrhage
D. All of the above - ✔✔D. All of the above
✔✔Which of the following statements regarding signs of intraabdominal injury is NOT
true?
A. Fresh blood in the abdominal cavity does not cause signs of peritonitis
B. A significant amount of blood loss occurs before abdominal distention can be noticed
C. Substantial intraabdominal hemorrhage always causes tenderness and abdominal
rigidity
D. Signs and symptoms of shock greater than can be explained by other injuries is a
reliable indicator of intraabdominal injury - ✔✔C. Substantial intraabdominal
hemorrhage always causes tenderness and abdominal rigidity
✔✔Which of the following assessment techniques is least useful in the prehospital
assessment of the patient with suspected intraabdominal trauma?
A. Palpation
B. Auscultation
C. Inspection
D. Scene assessment - ✔✔B. Auscultation
✔✔Pregnant trauma patients should be placed on the left side because:
A. This prevents seizures due to eclampsia
B. This prevents abruption of the placenta
C. This prevents compression of the vena cava
D. This is the best way to auscultate fetal heart tones - ✔✔C. This prevents
compression of the vena cava
✔✔Survival of the fetus in a trauma situation is most dependent upon which of the
following factors?
A. Gestational age of the fetus
B. Prenatal care
C. Immediate cesarean section
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔One of the earliest signs of hypovolemic shock is:
A. Hypotension
B. Bradycardia
C. Anxiety
D. Reduced urine output - ✔✔C. Anxiety
✔✔Which of the following characterizes the washout phase of shock?
A. Systemic acidosis
B. Localized tissue acidosis
C. Edema
D. Reduced capillary blood flow - ✔✔A. Systemic acidosis
✔✔A trauma patient who has fallen 20 feet from an apartment balcony is alert with
warm, dry, pink skin, with normal capillary refilling time to the lower extremities, and is
hypotensive. The upper extremities are cool, pale and diaphoretic. Which of the
following injuries should be suspected?
A. Aortic dissection
, B. Liver laceration
C. Fractured pelvis
D. Spinal cord injury - ✔✔D. Spinal cord injury
✔✔Which of the following is a limitation of prehospital fluid resuscitation of the patient in
hemorrhagic shock?
A. Inability of fluids to carry oxygen
B. Pulmonary edema
C. Increased hemorrhage
D. All of the above - ✔✔D. All of the above
✔✔Which of the following statements regarding signs of intraabdominal injury is NOT
true?
A. Fresh blood in the abdominal cavity does not cause signs of peritonitis
B. A significant amount of blood loss occurs before abdominal distention can be noticed
C. Substantial intraabdominal hemorrhage always causes tenderness and abdominal
rigidity
D. Signs and symptoms of shock greater than can be explained by other injuries is a
reliable indicator of intraabdominal injury - ✔✔C. Substantial intraabdominal
hemorrhage always causes tenderness and abdominal rigidity
✔✔Which of the following assessment techniques is least useful in the prehospital
assessment of the patient with suspected intraabdominal trauma?
A. Palpation
B. Auscultation
C. Inspection
D. Scene assessment - ✔✔B. Auscultation
✔✔Pregnant trauma patients should be placed on the left side because:
A. This prevents seizures due to eclampsia
B. This prevents abruption of the placenta
C. This prevents compression of the vena cava
D. This is the best way to auscultate fetal heart tones - ✔✔C. This prevents
compression of the vena cava
✔✔Survival of the fetus in a trauma situation is most dependent upon which of the
following factors?
A. Gestational age of the fetus
B. Prenatal care
C. Immediate cesarean section
