ABFM HYPERTENSION CERTIFICATION
EVALUATION COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A PLUS
●● What is blood pressure?
Answer: The pressure of blood pushing against artery walls.
●● What is systolic blood pressure?
Answer: Pressure when the heart contracts.
●● What is diastolic blood pressure?
Answer: Pressure when the heart relaxes.
●● What is a hypertensive crisis?
Answer: Blood pressure ≥180/120 requiring immediate medical
attention.
●● What are baroreceptors?
Answer: Pressure sensors in the carotid arteries and aorta that help
regulate BP.
●● What is elevated blood pressure (prehypertension)?
,Answer: A BP of 120-129/<80.
●● What is primary (essential) hypertension?
Answer: High blood pressure with no identifiable cause.
●● What is secondary hypertension?
Answer: High blood pressure caused by an underlying condition (e.g.,
kidney disease, endocrine issues, medications).
●● What is systemic vascular resistance (SVR)?
Answer: Resistance the heart must pump against.
●● What happens to SVR when vessels narrow?
Answer: SVR increases.
●● What happens to SVR when vessels dilate?
Answer: SVR decreases.
●● What is normal BP?
Answer: <120/<80
●● What is elevated BP?
, Answer: 120-129/<80
●● What is Stage 1 hypertension?
Answer: 130-139 OR 80-89
●● What is Stage 2 hypertension?
Answer: ≥140 OR ≥90
●● What is hypertensive crisis?
Answer: ≥180 AND/OR ≥120
●● What physiological factors cause hypertension?
Answer: Increased systemic vascular resistance (SVR)
●● What physiological factor increases BP due to more fluid in the
bloodstream?
Answer: Increased blood volume
●● What system increases BP through "fight-or-flight" activation?
Answer: Overactive sympathetic nervous system (SNS)
●● What hormonal system increases BP by tightening vessels and
retaining fluid?
EVALUATION COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A PLUS
●● What is blood pressure?
Answer: The pressure of blood pushing against artery walls.
●● What is systolic blood pressure?
Answer: Pressure when the heart contracts.
●● What is diastolic blood pressure?
Answer: Pressure when the heart relaxes.
●● What is a hypertensive crisis?
Answer: Blood pressure ≥180/120 requiring immediate medical
attention.
●● What are baroreceptors?
Answer: Pressure sensors in the carotid arteries and aorta that help
regulate BP.
●● What is elevated blood pressure (prehypertension)?
,Answer: A BP of 120-129/<80.
●● What is primary (essential) hypertension?
Answer: High blood pressure with no identifiable cause.
●● What is secondary hypertension?
Answer: High blood pressure caused by an underlying condition (e.g.,
kidney disease, endocrine issues, medications).
●● What is systemic vascular resistance (SVR)?
Answer: Resistance the heart must pump against.
●● What happens to SVR when vessels narrow?
Answer: SVR increases.
●● What happens to SVR when vessels dilate?
Answer: SVR decreases.
●● What is normal BP?
Answer: <120/<80
●● What is elevated BP?
, Answer: 120-129/<80
●● What is Stage 1 hypertension?
Answer: 130-139 OR 80-89
●● What is Stage 2 hypertension?
Answer: ≥140 OR ≥90
●● What is hypertensive crisis?
Answer: ≥180 AND/OR ≥120
●● What physiological factors cause hypertension?
Answer: Increased systemic vascular resistance (SVR)
●● What physiological factor increases BP due to more fluid in the
bloodstream?
Answer: Increased blood volume
●● What system increases BP through "fight-or-flight" activation?
Answer: Overactive sympathetic nervous system (SNS)
●● What hormonal system increases BP by tightening vessels and
retaining fluid?
