BIO 201 CORE MAIN EXAMS ALL 2026 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔metabolism - ✔✔all chemical reactions in the body; consists of anabolism and
catabolism
✔✔anabolism - ✔✔energy-storing (endergonic) synthesis reaction, produces
macromolecules
✔✔catabolism - ✔✔energy-releasing (exergonic) decomposition reaction, break down
covalent bonds
✔✔monosaccharides - ✔✔simple sugars, glucose (blood sugar), galactose, fructose
✔✔disaccharides - ✔✔two monosaccharides, sucrose (cane sugar), lactose, maltose
✔✔polysaccharides - ✔✔general chain of 50 or more monosaccharides, cellulose,
starch (plant energy), glycogen (animal energy)
✔✔conjugated carbohydrates - ✔✔glycoprotein, glycolipid, proteogylcon
✔✔lipids - ✔✔hydrophobic organic molecule, less oxidized than carbohydrates
, ✔✔triglycerides - ✔✔three fatty acids covalently linked to three carbon alcohol called
glycerol; energy storage, thermal insulation, and shock absorption, binds organs and
tissues together, protect and cushion
✔✔phospholipids - ✔✔similar to triglycerides but one fatty acid is replaced by a
phosphate group in return linked to another functional group; structural foundation of
cell membrane
✔✔amphiphilic - ✔✔tails are hydrophobic and heads are hydrophilic; form micelle and
phospholipid bilayers
✔✔proteins - ✔✔consist of more than 50 amino acids
✔✔peptides - ✔✔molecule composed of 2 or more amino acids joined by peptide bonds
✔✔protein structure - ✔✔conformation 3D shape; can change for enzymes, muscle
contractions and open and closing of pores
✔✔primary structure of protein - ✔✔sequence of amino acids enclosed in the genes
✔✔secondary structure of protein - ✔✔coiled or folded shape held together by
Hydrogen bonds
✔✔alpha helix - ✔✔spring-like shape
✔✔beta sheet - ✔✔pleated, ribbon-like shape
✔✔tertiary structure of protein - ✔✔folding and coiling of protein into globular and
fibrous shapes; surrounding water
✔✔globular proteins - ✔✔compact tertiary structure well suited for proteins embedded
in cell membrane and proteins must move about freely in body fluid
✔✔fibrous proteins - ✔✔slender filaments better suited for roles as in muscle
contraction and skin strengthening
✔✔quaternary structure - ✔✔2 or more polypeptide chains with each other
✔✔nucleic acid - ✔✔polymers of nucleotides
✔✔DNA - ✔✔double helix, sugar phosphate bone, inside nitrogenous bases; pyramids
(C,T) and purines (A,G); A match with T and G match with T
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔metabolism - ✔✔all chemical reactions in the body; consists of anabolism and
catabolism
✔✔anabolism - ✔✔energy-storing (endergonic) synthesis reaction, produces
macromolecules
✔✔catabolism - ✔✔energy-releasing (exergonic) decomposition reaction, break down
covalent bonds
✔✔monosaccharides - ✔✔simple sugars, glucose (blood sugar), galactose, fructose
✔✔disaccharides - ✔✔two monosaccharides, sucrose (cane sugar), lactose, maltose
✔✔polysaccharides - ✔✔general chain of 50 or more monosaccharides, cellulose,
starch (plant energy), glycogen (animal energy)
✔✔conjugated carbohydrates - ✔✔glycoprotein, glycolipid, proteogylcon
✔✔lipids - ✔✔hydrophobic organic molecule, less oxidized than carbohydrates
, ✔✔triglycerides - ✔✔three fatty acids covalently linked to three carbon alcohol called
glycerol; energy storage, thermal insulation, and shock absorption, binds organs and
tissues together, protect and cushion
✔✔phospholipids - ✔✔similar to triglycerides but one fatty acid is replaced by a
phosphate group in return linked to another functional group; structural foundation of
cell membrane
✔✔amphiphilic - ✔✔tails are hydrophobic and heads are hydrophilic; form micelle and
phospholipid bilayers
✔✔proteins - ✔✔consist of more than 50 amino acids
✔✔peptides - ✔✔molecule composed of 2 or more amino acids joined by peptide bonds
✔✔protein structure - ✔✔conformation 3D shape; can change for enzymes, muscle
contractions and open and closing of pores
✔✔primary structure of protein - ✔✔sequence of amino acids enclosed in the genes
✔✔secondary structure of protein - ✔✔coiled or folded shape held together by
Hydrogen bonds
✔✔alpha helix - ✔✔spring-like shape
✔✔beta sheet - ✔✔pleated, ribbon-like shape
✔✔tertiary structure of protein - ✔✔folding and coiling of protein into globular and
fibrous shapes; surrounding water
✔✔globular proteins - ✔✔compact tertiary structure well suited for proteins embedded
in cell membrane and proteins must move about freely in body fluid
✔✔fibrous proteins - ✔✔slender filaments better suited for roles as in muscle
contraction and skin strengthening
✔✔quaternary structure - ✔✔2 or more polypeptide chains with each other
✔✔nucleic acid - ✔✔polymers of nucleotides
✔✔DNA - ✔✔double helix, sugar phosphate bone, inside nitrogenous bases; pyramids
(C,T) and purines (A,G); A match with T and G match with T
