NSG 349 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What are loop diuretics known for? - Answers - They are the most potent diuretics and
cause major diuresis.
What should patients expect when taking loop diuretics? - Answers - They will need to
urinate frequently.
What electrolyte loss is associated with loop diuretics? - Answers - Potassium loss.
Where do loop diuretics act in the body? - Answers - They work on the loop of Henle.
What suffix do loop diuretics typically have? - Answers - They end in -semide or -anide.
What is a common side effect of loop diuretics? - Answers - Dizziness and tinnitus.
What is the recommended IV push rate for loop diuretics? - Answers - 1 ml/minute.
What is a high-risk use for osmotic diuretics? - Answers - To decrease intracranial
pressure after a head injury.
How do osmotic diuretics work? - Answers - They pull water into the renal tubules to be
excreted.
What should be monitored for all diuretics? - Answers - Electrolytes, orthostatic
hypotension, BP, and I&O.
What is a key patient instruction for those on diuretics? - Answers - Report a gain of 2
lbs in one day or 5 lbs in one week.
What effect do alpha 1 blockers have? - Answers - They cause vasodilation and
decrease BP.
What is a common side effect of alpha 1 blockers? - Answers - Dizziness and
orthostatic hypotension.
What is a significant effect of beta blockers? - Answers - Negative inotropic and
chronotropic activity.
What should be monitored when administering beta blockers? - Answers - Heart rate
and blood pressure.
What is an important consideration for non-cardioselective beta blockers? - Answers -
They should not be used in patients with lung diseases.
, What is the action of calcium channel blockers? - Answers - They cause coronary artery
vasodilation and decrease systemic vascular resistance.
What should patients avoid while on antihypertensives? - Answers - Hot tubs, hot
showers, and alcohol.
What is the primary use of cardiac glycosides like digoxin? - Answers - To provide a
positive inotropic effect.
What should be monitored when giving digoxin? - Answers - Potassium levels and heart
rate.
What is the antidote for digoxin toxicity? - Answers - Digoxin immune fab (Digibind).
What do nitrates/nitrites do? - Answers - They cause vasodilation and decrease BP.
What is the maximum dose for sublingual nitroglycerin for acute angina? - Answers -
Three tablets within 15 minutes.
What is the action of adenosine in treating dysrhythmias? - Answers - It converts SVT to
sinus rhythm.
What is the first line drug therapy for hyperlipidemias? - Answers - HMG-CoA reductase
inhibitors (statins).
What should patients on anticoagulants report? - Answers - Signs of bleeding, such as
epistaxis or hematuria.
What is the primary action of anticoagulants? - Answers - To prevent blood clots.
What do antiplatelets do? - Answers - Prevent platelet aggregation and are used for
stroke/MI prevention.
What do thrombolytic agents do? - Answers - They break down existing clots.
What is a major side effect of thrombolytic therapy? - Answers - Bleeding/Hemorrhage
When should thrombolytic therapy be administered for ischemic stroke? - Answers - If
symptoms present for less than three hours
What are some older thrombolytic drugs? - Answers - Streptokinase and Urokinase
What are some current thrombolytic drugs? - Answers - Alteplase, Reteplase,
Tenecteplase
What are loop diuretics known for? - Answers - They are the most potent diuretics and
cause major diuresis.
What should patients expect when taking loop diuretics? - Answers - They will need to
urinate frequently.
What electrolyte loss is associated with loop diuretics? - Answers - Potassium loss.
Where do loop diuretics act in the body? - Answers - They work on the loop of Henle.
What suffix do loop diuretics typically have? - Answers - They end in -semide or -anide.
What is a common side effect of loop diuretics? - Answers - Dizziness and tinnitus.
What is the recommended IV push rate for loop diuretics? - Answers - 1 ml/minute.
What is a high-risk use for osmotic diuretics? - Answers - To decrease intracranial
pressure after a head injury.
How do osmotic diuretics work? - Answers - They pull water into the renal tubules to be
excreted.
What should be monitored for all diuretics? - Answers - Electrolytes, orthostatic
hypotension, BP, and I&O.
What is a key patient instruction for those on diuretics? - Answers - Report a gain of 2
lbs in one day or 5 lbs in one week.
What effect do alpha 1 blockers have? - Answers - They cause vasodilation and
decrease BP.
What is a common side effect of alpha 1 blockers? - Answers - Dizziness and
orthostatic hypotension.
What is a significant effect of beta blockers? - Answers - Negative inotropic and
chronotropic activity.
What should be monitored when administering beta blockers? - Answers - Heart rate
and blood pressure.
What is an important consideration for non-cardioselective beta blockers? - Answers -
They should not be used in patients with lung diseases.
, What is the action of calcium channel blockers? - Answers - They cause coronary artery
vasodilation and decrease systemic vascular resistance.
What should patients avoid while on antihypertensives? - Answers - Hot tubs, hot
showers, and alcohol.
What is the primary use of cardiac glycosides like digoxin? - Answers - To provide a
positive inotropic effect.
What should be monitored when giving digoxin? - Answers - Potassium levels and heart
rate.
What is the antidote for digoxin toxicity? - Answers - Digoxin immune fab (Digibind).
What do nitrates/nitrites do? - Answers - They cause vasodilation and decrease BP.
What is the maximum dose for sublingual nitroglycerin for acute angina? - Answers -
Three tablets within 15 minutes.
What is the action of adenosine in treating dysrhythmias? - Answers - It converts SVT to
sinus rhythm.
What is the first line drug therapy for hyperlipidemias? - Answers - HMG-CoA reductase
inhibitors (statins).
What should patients on anticoagulants report? - Answers - Signs of bleeding, such as
epistaxis or hematuria.
What is the primary action of anticoagulants? - Answers - To prevent blood clots.
What do antiplatelets do? - Answers - Prevent platelet aggregation and are used for
stroke/MI prevention.
What do thrombolytic agents do? - Answers - They break down existing clots.
What is a major side effect of thrombolytic therapy? - Answers - Bleeding/Hemorrhage
When should thrombolytic therapy be administered for ischemic stroke? - Answers - If
symptoms present for less than three hours
What are some older thrombolytic drugs? - Answers - Streptokinase and Urokinase
What are some current thrombolytic drugs? - Answers - Alteplase, Reteplase,
Tenecteplase
