Units 4, 5, and 6 Knowledge Checks
Unit 4
Adrenergic agonists: stimulate the SNS
-four main receptors
Alpha 1= blood vessels=peripheral resistance & blood return to the
heart=improved circulation & increased BP
Alpha 2=inhibit release of norepinephrine=decrease in
vasoconstriction=vasodilation & decrease
in BP
Beta 1=stimulation=increased myocardial contractility & heart rate
Beta 2=relaxation=bronchodilation of lungs breathe
pt can
(albuterol)
Epinephrine (class=adrenergic agonist)
Uses: emergencies to treat anaphylaxis, asthma, bronchospasm, status asthmaticus,
good for these because It opens up
cardiac arrest airway
Side effects: N&V, agitation, sweating, HA, pallor, insomnia, restlessness, dizziness,
hypo/hyperglycemia
Adverse reactions: tachycardia, palpitations, hypertension, dyspnea
Increased effects seen with TCAs and MAOIs
Nursing process with Adrenergic Agonists
monitor vs , they will
Vital signs/glucose levels
Drug and health history (do not use if glaucoma, cardiac dysrhythmia)
Report side effects
Monitor urinary output- retention is possible
OTC drugs-read labels (cold products and diet pills-do not use)
Take as prescribed
Nose spray/drops-may have rebound effects if uses for a long time
* Epi-pen- give in outer thigh subcutaneously, rub injection site 10 seconds after
administration to increase absorption rate -(if needed >2 times per week notify MD)
Know normal vital signs
massaging areaafter i
, Adrenergic Antagonist (Adrenergic Blockers)
(Beta blocker)
Promote vasodilation = decrease BP
Beta-adrenergic antagonists- aka beta blockers = decrease heart rate & BP
Atenolol (class= adrenergic blocker) good to prevent M1
Uses: hypertension, angina, prophylaxis & treatment of acute MI
Side effects: drowsiness, dizziness, weakness, nausea, diarrhea, erectile dysfunction I
Adverse reactions: bradycardia, hypotension, heart failure, dyspnea
Caution in patient with COPD or asthma-bronchoconstriction can occur (no LOL with
asthma)
Contraindicated in those with bradycardia, heart block, cardiogenic shock, acute HF
Taper over 1-2 weeks to avoid tachycardia, hypertension, severe angina, MI
↓
chest pain
Do not use with NSAIDs
* Teach patient how to take a blood pressure and pulse (parameters are a possibility)
Cholinergic Agonists: stimulate the PNS
Stimulate bladder & GI tone, control pupils of the eye, increase neuromuscular
transmission
Bethanechol chloride (class=cholinergic)
-
Beth can't pee
Uses: urinary retention and neurogenic bladder
-
Side effects: blurred vision, excessive salivation, N & V, abdominal cramps, diaphoresis,
Diarrhea
Adverse reactions: tachycardia, hypotension
Contraindications: asthma, bradycardia, COPD, hypotension
Unit 4
Adrenergic agonists: stimulate the SNS
-four main receptors
Alpha 1= blood vessels=peripheral resistance & blood return to the
heart=improved circulation & increased BP
Alpha 2=inhibit release of norepinephrine=decrease in
vasoconstriction=vasodilation & decrease
in BP
Beta 1=stimulation=increased myocardial contractility & heart rate
Beta 2=relaxation=bronchodilation of lungs breathe
pt can
(albuterol)
Epinephrine (class=adrenergic agonist)
Uses: emergencies to treat anaphylaxis, asthma, bronchospasm, status asthmaticus,
good for these because It opens up
cardiac arrest airway
Side effects: N&V, agitation, sweating, HA, pallor, insomnia, restlessness, dizziness,
hypo/hyperglycemia
Adverse reactions: tachycardia, palpitations, hypertension, dyspnea
Increased effects seen with TCAs and MAOIs
Nursing process with Adrenergic Agonists
monitor vs , they will
Vital signs/glucose levels
Drug and health history (do not use if glaucoma, cardiac dysrhythmia)
Report side effects
Monitor urinary output- retention is possible
OTC drugs-read labels (cold products and diet pills-do not use)
Take as prescribed
Nose spray/drops-may have rebound effects if uses for a long time
* Epi-pen- give in outer thigh subcutaneously, rub injection site 10 seconds after
administration to increase absorption rate -(if needed >2 times per week notify MD)
Know normal vital signs
massaging areaafter i
, Adrenergic Antagonist (Adrenergic Blockers)
(Beta blocker)
Promote vasodilation = decrease BP
Beta-adrenergic antagonists- aka beta blockers = decrease heart rate & BP
Atenolol (class= adrenergic blocker) good to prevent M1
Uses: hypertension, angina, prophylaxis & treatment of acute MI
Side effects: drowsiness, dizziness, weakness, nausea, diarrhea, erectile dysfunction I
Adverse reactions: bradycardia, hypotension, heart failure, dyspnea
Caution in patient with COPD or asthma-bronchoconstriction can occur (no LOL with
asthma)
Contraindicated in those with bradycardia, heart block, cardiogenic shock, acute HF
Taper over 1-2 weeks to avoid tachycardia, hypertension, severe angina, MI
↓
chest pain
Do not use with NSAIDs
* Teach patient how to take a blood pressure and pulse (parameters are a possibility)
Cholinergic Agonists: stimulate the PNS
Stimulate bladder & GI tone, control pupils of the eye, increase neuromuscular
transmission
Bethanechol chloride (class=cholinergic)
-
Beth can't pee
Uses: urinary retention and neurogenic bladder
-
Side effects: blurred vision, excessive salivation, N & V, abdominal cramps, diaphoresis,
Diarrhea
Adverse reactions: tachycardia, hypotension
Contraindications: asthma, bradycardia, COPD, hypotension
