AML (CE) COMPREHENSIVE STUDY
GUIDE 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ file transfer.
Answer: The ______ application is the least sensitive to network delays.
◍ VoIP.
Answer: End-to-end delay, jitter, and packet loss are QoS metrics for _____
applications
◍ ______.
Answer: In _____ applications, increased packet jitter results in increased
end-to-end delay.
◍ OpenFlow.
Answer: _____ enables the communication between the control plane and
data plane through event-based messages, flow statistics and packet
messages that are sent from forwarding devices to controller.
◍ operate.
Answer: P4 acts as an interface between the switches and the controller, and
its main goal is to allow the controller to define how the switches _______.
◍ forwarding policies.
Answer: In an SDX architecture, each AS can define ______ as if it is the
only participant at the SDX, as well as having its own SDN applications for
dropping, modifying or forwarding their traffic.
◍ data plane.
Answer: The _________ executes a network policy.
◍ bandwidth consumption.
, Answer: With Forward Error Concealment we also transmit redundant data
that can be used for reconstructing the stream at the receiver's side. This
approach to error recovery can lead to more ________.
◍ TCP, UDP.
Answer: Less packet loss and more end-to-end delay are the consequences
of using ____ instead of ____ for VoIP applications?
◍ view.
Answer: In order to make forwarding and policy decisions in ONOs,
applications get information from the ____ and then update these decisions
back to the _____.
◍ True.
Answer: True or False: With rate-based adaption, when the bandwidth
changes rapidly, the player takes some time to converge to the right estimate
of the bandwidth, which can lead to overestimation of the future bandwidth.
◍ overestimation.
Answer: With rate-based adaption, when the bandwidth changes rapidly, the
player takes some time to converge to the right estimate of the bandwidth,
which can lead to ______ of the future bandwidth.
◍ True.
Answer: True or False: P4 acts as an interface between the switches and the
controller, and its main goal is to allow the controller to define how the
switches operate.
◍ video content.
Answer: The TCP transport-level protocol is preferred for _____ delivery.
◍ True.
Answer: True or False: One of the disadvantages of an SDN centralized
controller architecture is that it can introduce a single point of failure and
also scaling issues.
◍ True.
GUIDE 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ file transfer.
Answer: The ______ application is the least sensitive to network delays.
◍ VoIP.
Answer: End-to-end delay, jitter, and packet loss are QoS metrics for _____
applications
◍ ______.
Answer: In _____ applications, increased packet jitter results in increased
end-to-end delay.
◍ OpenFlow.
Answer: _____ enables the communication between the control plane and
data plane through event-based messages, flow statistics and packet
messages that are sent from forwarding devices to controller.
◍ operate.
Answer: P4 acts as an interface between the switches and the controller, and
its main goal is to allow the controller to define how the switches _______.
◍ forwarding policies.
Answer: In an SDX architecture, each AS can define ______ as if it is the
only participant at the SDX, as well as having its own SDN applications for
dropping, modifying or forwarding their traffic.
◍ data plane.
Answer: The _________ executes a network policy.
◍ bandwidth consumption.
, Answer: With Forward Error Concealment we also transmit redundant data
that can be used for reconstructing the stream at the receiver's side. This
approach to error recovery can lead to more ________.
◍ TCP, UDP.
Answer: Less packet loss and more end-to-end delay are the consequences
of using ____ instead of ____ for VoIP applications?
◍ view.
Answer: In order to make forwarding and policy decisions in ONOs,
applications get information from the ____ and then update these decisions
back to the _____.
◍ True.
Answer: True or False: With rate-based adaption, when the bandwidth
changes rapidly, the player takes some time to converge to the right estimate
of the bandwidth, which can lead to overestimation of the future bandwidth.
◍ overestimation.
Answer: With rate-based adaption, when the bandwidth changes rapidly, the
player takes some time to converge to the right estimate of the bandwidth,
which can lead to ______ of the future bandwidth.
◍ True.
Answer: True or False: P4 acts as an interface between the switches and the
controller, and its main goal is to allow the controller to define how the
switches operate.
◍ video content.
Answer: The TCP transport-level protocol is preferred for _____ delivery.
◍ True.
Answer: True or False: One of the disadvantages of an SDN centralized
controller architecture is that it can introduce a single point of failure and
also scaling issues.
◍ True.
