Test Bank Introduction to Radiologic and Imaging Sciences and Patient Care, 8th Edition by Arlene M. Adler, Richard R. Carlton & Kori L. Stewart | Complete Chapter 1-26 | Latest Edition.

Test Bank Introduction to Radiologic and Imaging Sciences and Patient Care, 8th Edition by Arlene M. Adler, Richard R. Carlton & Kori L. Stewart | Complete Chapter 1-26 | Latest Edition. Chapter 12: History Taking Adler: Introduction to Radiologic and Imaging Sciences and Patient Care, 8th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. When taking a patient history, it is important to a. remain impersonal and show little emotion or empathy toward the patient. b. consistently call the patient by his or her first name to establish patient rapport. c. maintain a polite and professional demeanor when gathering information. d. make a mental note of the patient’s mannerisms to share with the radiologist. ANS: C Because history taking is one of the most critical and valuable diagnostic tools, possessing good history-taking skills is an essential responsibility of the radiologic and imaging sciences professional and requires a polite and professional demeanor during the interview. REF: p. 157 2. In preparing to radiograph a patient who has come to the medical imaging department with a complaint of abdominal pain, you begin to question the patient as part of the history. A good initial question to ask the patient would be a. “Can you rate the pain on a scale from one to five?” b. “Can you tell me about the nature of your pain?” c. “Your request states that you have stomach pain, is that correct?” d. “Does anyone in your family have similar pain?” ANS: B All histories should begin with open-ended questions to encourage the patient’s spontaneous associations about the clinical problem. The use of leading questions should be avoided whenever possible because they introduce biases into the history. REF: p. 158 3. An important piece of information regarding a patient’s need for medical care is sought by physicians and medical professionals. Many times, patients are vague about their pain or reason for seeing the doctor. It is important to discover the patient’s _____ for seeking medical care. a. chief complaint b. pain threshold c. tolerance d. primary reason ANS: A Physicians attempt to determine the patient’s chief complaint. This effort is valuable because it focuses the history toward the single most important issue. In many instances, the chief complaint is directly related to the first symptom that is discussed. REF: p. 158 4. Objective data regarding a patient’s history a. are more important than subjective data. b. deal with a patient’s feelings. c. consist of a patient’s vital signs. d. are an effective way to explain the patient’s pain level. ANS: C Objective data are perceptible to the senses, such as signs that can be seen, heard, or felt and such things as laboratory reports. Many objective signs are physiologic measurements such as temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure. REF: p. 157 5. When asking about a patient’s pain, it is effective to a. identify the three (3) most common areas for patient pain. b. assure the patient that questions about pain are required and standard questions. c. ask the patient if pain is in the abdomen. d. ask the patient to point to or touch the area that hurts and record the information. ANS: D Localization is defining as exact and precise an area as possible for the patient’s complaint. Two types of touch that the radiologic and imaging sciences professional commonly uses in gathering a clinical history are (1) touching for emphasis and (2) touching for palpation. Touching for emphasis involves using touch to highlight or to specify instructions or specify locations. A history can be clarified by a light touch to specify the region. REF: pp. 158-159 6. When questioning patients to obtain an accurate patient history, a. keep your questions general in nature so as not to offend the patient. b. start with open-ended questions and then follow up with more direct inquiries. c. do not let the patient talk too much in order to keep the examination moving. d. use short questions that are specific to their suspected medical condition. ANS: B All histories should begin with open-ended questions to encourage the patient’s spontaneous associations about the clinical problem. Answers to these questions can often enable more direct, probing questions for clarification and precision. REF: p. 158 7. Good history taking involves the collection of objective and subjective data. All of the following are examples of subjective data except the patient’s a. emotions. b. respiratory rate. c. speech pattern. d. ability to follow your instructions. ANS: B Objective data are perceptible to the senses, such as signs that can be seen, heard, or felt and such things as laboratory reports. Subjective data pertain to or are perceived by the affected individual only. Respiratory rate is a physiologic measurement and considered objective data. REF: p. 157 8. It would be inappropriate to a. repeat the patient’s comments regarding the symptoms to keep the examination time short. b. call the patient by his or her surname (preceded by Mr., Ms., or Mrs.) to establish a professional image. c. ask the patient leading questions regarding his or her symptoms. d. describe the patient’s symptoms to the radiologist in precise medical terms. ANS: C The use of leading questions should be avoided whenever possible because they introduce biases into the history. REF: p. 158 9. As a patient begins to explain their reasons for coming to the clinic for a radiographic examination, they begin to use medical terms to describe conditions. The information appears to be accurate medically and helps clarify their symptoms. To deal with this patient, you should a. politely listen, record their comments, and repeat the statements to clarify. b. ask about their apparent medical background and tell the radiologist. c. begin the procedure as it is safe to assume they know what they’re talking about. d. disregard the information and record your impressions of hidden symptoms. ANS: A The ability to assess the patient’s background can be a difficult skill to develop. Probably the most helpful technique is to begin with a question that provides an opportunity for the patient to respond in a manner that reflects his or her life experience and educational background. REF: p. 158 10. In the process of questioning a patient about the reason for having the requested X-ray examination, the patient becomes irritated and complains that she “is getting pretty tired of saying the same things over and over to all these nurses.” An effective method to deal with this patient’s attitude would be to a. allow the patient to sign a statement declining to answer questions. b. ask the patient what pieces of information others have learned. c. limit the questioning to simple “Yes or No” answers. d. explain that each person is asking questions specific to their patient care task. ANS: D A useful tool is to repeat information obtained as a part of the history for two reasons: to verify that the radiologic technologist has perceived the information correctly and to ensure that the patient has not changed his or her mind. Asking for like information from different people can often reveal new information. REF: p. 158 11. On a patient’s examination requisition for a KUB, you notice that the history recorded by the emergency staff states “R/O appendicitis.” In an effort to gain more precise information about the patient’s condition, questions to ask that would be important to this examination would be 1. “How would you describe the pain?” 2. “Have you had previous appendix surgery?” 3. “Do you know if the emergency department called in a sonographer?” 4. “Can you touch the area that specifically hurts?” 5. “Are you sure it’s not your kidneys?” 6. “Does the pain appear to be in your appendix?” a. 1, 3, 4, and 6 only b. 1 and 4 only c. 2, 3, 5, and 6 only d. 1 only ANS: B The use of leading questions should be avoided whenever possible because they introduce biases into the history. The correct choices in this question are examples of open-ended questions that do not lead the patient to describe their pain. REF: p. 158 12. Most radiologists have one key question they want answered when it relates to any medical imaging examination. That question most likely would be a. Why is the patient having this examination? b. What pain level is the patient tolerating? c. Can the patient tell you what day it is and what hospital they are visiting? d. Is there a reason for coming to the hospital rather than an outpatient clinic? ANS: A Physicians attempt to determine the patient’s chief complaint. A key item to determine is why the exam was ordered by the referring physician. In many instances, the chief complaint is directly related to the first symptom that is discussed. REF: p. 158 13. In recording a patient history for the radiologist, you note that the patient has an open sore on their ankle. In your description, you indicate that the sore is draining and has a foul odor. This information deals with the _____ of a patient history. a. quality b. chronology c. logic d. onset ANS: A The quality describes the character of the symptoms. Examples include the color and consistency of body fluids, the presence of clots or sores, the size of lumps or lesions, the type of cough, and the character of pain. REF: p. 159 14. When taking a patient history, a competent radiologic and imaging sciences professional a. relates their personal experiences to the patient’s, when taking a history. b. uses the patient’s nickname to encourage a more personal and intimate atmosphere. c. relies exclusively on objective patient data so as not to bias the patient history. d. does none of these. ANS: D Taking a history must be a cooperative event between the patient and the radiologic and imaging sciences professional. You should maintain a polite and professional demeanor during the interview. Using “pet names” and nicknames for the patient is unprofessional and often offensive. History taking necessarily is a precise process that consists of both objective and subjective data. REF: p. 157 15. As you prepare to take a PA chest radiograph on a patient who is suspected of having a lung collapse, you note that the patient has an extremely difficult time taking in a deep inspiration. A radiologic and imaging sciences professional would a. disregard the breathing pattern as it has no relationship to the patient’s medical condition. b. work very quickly and take an upright and supine exposure. c. record the observable depth of inspiration as additional history. d. call inhalation therapy to measure the inspiration with a spirometer. ANS: C The quality describes the character of the symptoms, in this case the respiratory effort. REF: p. 159 16. Which of the following is not one of the sacred seven of medical histories? a. Severity b. Family history c. Onset d. Chronology ANS: B The interviewer’s role is to collect a focused history specific to the procedure that is to be performed. Seven elements are recognized for a complete history. These elements are often referred to as the sacred seven. They are localization, chronology, quality, severity, onset, aggravating or alleviating factors, and associated manifestations. REF: p. 158 17. In determining a patient’s description of their pain, a good question to ask would be a. “How would you describe the pain?” b. “When did the pain first happen?” c. “If the pain comes and goes, how often does it occur, and what is the time span between occurrences?” d. All of these ANS: D All histories should begin with open-ended questions to encourage the patient’s spontaneous associations about the clinical problem. All of the choices in this question are open-ended types of questions and deal with a Sacred Seven piece of information. REF: p. 158 18. As you perform a STAT facial bones series on a conscious patient from the emergency department (ED), you notice that the patient has a large swelling over their left temporal region. The patient requisition simply states that the patient had trauma. A radiologic and imaging sciences professional would a. give the patient an ice pack to lessen the swelling before the exposure is taken. b. call the ED nurse to ask if they saw the swelling and recorded it in the patient’s electronic medical record (EMR). c. ask the ED nurse to call the radiologist to provide a more accurate patient history. d. record the swelling on the requisition and ask the patient as to the nature of their injury. ANS: D The radiologic and imaging sciences professional typically does not need to compile a complete medical history on patients. The physician or the nursing staff who first saw the patient will have completed this job. The interviewer’s role is to collect a focused history specific to the procedure that is to be performed. Often this includes the sacred seven of a clinical history. REF: p. 158